I get it, profit in restaurants is sometimes hard to come by. We deal with highly perishable goods, unpredictable customer behavior, swinging door staffing, and constantly escalating cost of goods. Restaurants get hit from all angles so when there is a chance to push the envelope on pricing – many do. It’s so hard to make money on that 10 oz. Prime Filet or 14 oz. Berkshire Pork Chop. It seems impossible to push a positive bottom line selling that beautiful halibut fillet or Diver’s scallops, so we have to charge $60 for a steak or $45 for a piece of fish. People will understand, so let’s just keep charging more and more until we cross that line of “what the market will bear”.
So here is the line in the sand – WHERE IS THE VALUE? At what point do you think a guest will ask: “Is this meal really worth $100? Some of you will respond by pointing to the crazy cost of goods increases in recent years or the fact that we now (rightfully so) have to pay our employees a living wage or even provide some basic benefits – so we have no choice but to charge what we charge. OK, I have been involved in the restaurant business for more than 50 years – I hear what you are saying, but I pose the question again: “Is this meal really worth $100 (or more)?” Doesn’t it eventually come down to this? Rationalize all you want, but if we reach a point where people begin to question value, then we will be lost.
Of course, there is a handful of masterful chefs and restaurateurs who can charge crazy prices to sold out audiences. These are the restaurants where dining is much, much more than just consuming food. They provide value through the provision of a very complex experience that includes ambience, the highest level of service, highly sophisticated and creative food presentations, and the aura of food as entertainment – I applaud them and admire their commitment to the extraordinary, but this is a very small percentage of the restaurants available. How do the rest of us explain the menu with $25 appetizers, $60 entrees, and $20 desserts? How do we continue to market wines at $20 a glass or cocktails in the same price category? How often are guests seen leaving the restaurant gripping their wallets and shaking their heads?
The whole premise of a successful restaurant is making guests feel comfortable, welcome, and fulfilled. We want them to return often and tell their friends what a great place this restaurant is. It takes so much effort, time, and money to pull customers in for that first visit – we want to make them feel good about their investment and book another reservation soon. If they don’t see the value, regardless of how tasty or beautiful that plate of food might be, then why would they return?
The average middle class American’s salary is $51,000 – that’s approximately $24 per hour. That $100 meal took them four hours work to pay for. So, ask yourself the question: “Is the meal that I provide that guest worth ½ of a day’s work? Is there a ceiling to pricing where the average guest will simply say: enough is enough?”
So – what is the answer? From my perspective the answer lies in menu planning, training, and labor efficiency. Restaurants need to take a hard look at what they serve, how they serve it, and what they are able to charge in order to EARN a profit. At the same time, it is essential that all of these efforts are focused on attracting a broader audience of guests who return frequently.
[] MENU PLANNING: If the only way that we can reach profitability with that filet is to charge $60, then maybe it’s time to take the filet off the menu and look for an alternative that with the right talent can be even more exciting than the filet. If that halibut steak must sell for $45, then let’s take a look at the hundreds of other fish species available without the high price tag of the more common (over-fished) varieties. If you need to charge $20 a glass for wine, then require your bar manager or sommelier to research “great find” wines that cost your restaurant under $15 and can enhance the guest experience for less than $12 per glass. We have the ability to find value solutions, we just need to make this a priority.
[] PORTION SIZES: Bigger isn’t always better. Maybe it’s time to ween our guests off the 12 to 16-ounce portions of protein. After all, this is a disservice to our guest’s health and wellbeing. Let’s be more creative with interesting vegetable accompaniments and keep proteins under six ounces. Smaller portions lead to lower price tags, broader acceptance, and enhanced value from a well-designed, balanced meal.
[] TRAINING: We all know the drill – it’s a business of pennies, but without everyone’s buy-in, those pennies will quickly evaporate. Training in the current restaurant environment has never been more important or more beneficial to both the operator and the guest. This is one surefire way of keeping selling prices in check.
[] EFFICIENCY: This is the hard truth – we may never go back to the era where there are far more qualified individuals to work in restaurants than there are positions. This may be the perfect time to align menu planning, effective buying, solid training, and efficiency. Restaurants will need to do more with fewer people – this means workable menus, the right equipment, and systems that allow us to wow our guests, keep portions in check, and do so with a streamlined crew.
Welcome to the new world where VALUE is centerstage. How will you approach it?
Weekend work continued through the Fall and Winter when I turned 16. I already made plans to work full time at the diner during the summer months. Millie was beginning to involve me in some of her breakfast prep when things were slow. I peeled and diced potatoes for home fries, cracked eggs for scrambled and omelets, and learned how to use the slicer to cut bacon from slabs (this was before layout bacon was a thing). Occasionally, she would call me to help push out a big order by flipping pancakes and French toast on the griddle. I was having a blast and learning a few skills along the way.
Summer came, more college waitresses arrived, and Millie had a chef coat available for me. I moved from washing dishes to her lead prep person and assistant during the breakfast rush. Suddenly, I was on my way to becoming a short-order cook. All through the summer I picked up some basic knife skills, organization, and speed to the point where one morning a week (a slower day) I ran the breakfast and lunch grill by myself. I was in a groove and actually looked forward to going to work every morning.
Throughout this and the following summer I worked alongside Millie. She was a great teacher and fun to be around. She was serious about cooking, even though it was a diner, and made sure that I knew that there was no room for mediocrity. At the beginning of my second summer (just after my senior year in high school) she sat me down for a serious conversation: “Paul, what are your plans for the future?” I looked at her without a smile and said: “I don’t have any plans.” Millie shook her head like she always did and said:
“OK, this is what I see. You are a natural in the kitchen. You pick things up quickly, your knife skills are pretty good, you are fast and efficient, and your plates of food are as good as mine. I just fell into a life in the kitchen after my husband passed away. He was a chef in a nice restaurant downtown and I had been busy raising a family. When he died, I needed to make some money, so I took this job and taught myself how to become a cook. I didn’t have the natural skills or passion that you do, but I made it work. You’re different and I think that you could grow to be good at this craft. There are plenty of opportunities and ways that you might approach this. You could go to culinary school, there are many around, or you could enroll in an apprenticeship, or you could simply start working in a more serious restaurant. I think that this is a calling for you. Whatever you decide, I want you to have this.”
She passed me a large box that I opened cautiously. There were four well-used books and a roll bag with three beautiful knives and a sharpening steel. I looked at her with eyes of appreciation.
“These were my husband’s knives and his most used cookbooks. I want you to have them and use them knowing that he and I will always be by your side as you become a professional cook and maybe a chef someday.”
I can’t remember ever feeling so much emotion and gratitude. All I could muster up was: “Thanks Millie, I will take care of them.”
“Paul, think about what I said, talk it over with your parents, and if you have questions or need help moving forward, please feel free to ask. Now, back to work!”
That day was a turning point for me; a moment of decision that I had not contemplated before. What am I going to do with my life? I like the kitchen and the restaurant world that I have been part of, I am feeling confident here, the people are fun, and my mentor thinks that I could be good at this.
Fast forward a few years. I decided to go with Millie’s recommendation, my parents were happy that I had some direction, I applied to college and packed my knives for a future in the kitchen.
There were bumps along the way, but I never looked back. From breakfast cook I moved to a more formal kitchen during summers while attending school. It didn’t take long before I discovered how little I really knew about food and cooking. The first full-service restaurant chef I worked for was tough. He took no prisoners and had very little patience for incompetence. The one thing I had going for me was that I knew to show up early, always said “Yes chef” to whatever he asked me to do, and I was fast (all thanks to Millie). He took me under his wing and gave me loads of opportunities working banquets, helping on the line as a commis, and getting a taste of real kitchen life.
When I finished college, I moved on to a hotel property that was busier than any place I had ever seen. The chef was the pinnacle of professionalism. He had starched whites with his name and position embroidered over the pocket, and a tall chef toque. He had spent time at the Queen Elizabeth Hotel in Montreal, Canada and was moved to the property where I was working in an effort to add some polish. The kitchen was huge and set-up by department with a lead person in charge of each: garde manger, saucier/potager, pâtissier, boucher, and grillade. I signed up for their apprenticeship program that would give me a chance to rotate through all of these departments.
For two years I worked with serious people who were good at their craft. I didn’t become truly proficient in any one area, but I was exposed and able to hold my own. I worked banquets from 50 to 1,500 people, sometimes engaged in multiple events on a given day. I learned how to trim and tie rib roasts, bone chickens, cut steaks, make a variety of soups and stocks, cook steaks and chops to various degrees of doneness, open clams, and chop and dice with decent speed and accuracy. I was becoming a real cook and learning something new every day. I experienced what it was like to work in a classical kitchen, how the organization worked, and saw, firsthand, how complicated the job of chef really was. Whatever I learned in college paled in comparison to what I was picking up on-the-job. What would be next?
You never know what lies ahead, so when the sous chef told me he was moving to Atlanta as a property chef and asked me to come with him as a sous chef, I was excited. I flew down, toured the property, met the staff, and got a quick feel for the city. I wound up turning it down but moved into a food manager position at a local college. Three years there gave me a taste of managing a department, scheduling, ordering, evaluating, inventory, and being responsible for the financial success of the business. Being away from the kitchen was not where I wanted to be, but the management experience was important and would serve me well as other opportunities might come my way. I returned to the kitchen with a quest of becoming a chef.
When I was 15 years old the furthest thing from my mind was planning my future. This was the beginning of that age when aside from finding a way to be independent and seeking a girlfriend, there was very little planning going on. Ah, but getting a part-time job with a paycheck was a good start.
I managed to land a weekend job at a local diner as a dishwasher. I didn’t have any marketable skills yet except I guaranteed the manager that I would show up on time. Little did I know at the time that this was a lifelong attribute, something that every employer would relish in a job candidate. So be it, I walked in a few minutes early on day one, was given an apron, given the five -minute tour through the dish pit, introduced to the head cook (Millie), presented with a timecard, and left to my own common sense to figure the rest out. Millie was a little cold at first, I guess she wanted to see if I would show up and listen to her. The answer was YES on both counts. She took some time to show me how to set-up, stock, and clean out the machine, how to properly rinse and stack dishes in racks, the best way to stack and deliver plates and glassware to their proper home, and how to be efficient. I was ready to rock.
That first day was crazy. It was Saturday so I think everyone within fivemiles decided to come in for lunch. Millie was working the line with a helper – burgers, fries, grilled cheese, BLT’s, Club sandwiches, a few salads, Western egg sandwiches, sliced roast beef on white bread with globs of gravy, and a few dozen other items including her specials of the day. They were on fire, and I was enthralled until the dirty dishes started piling up. At first, I was enamored by the cute college student waitresses, that was until they splashed me with residue from dirty plates. “Why don’t they stack the same type of plates together to make things easier for me?” This is a question I would ask for decades to come. It wasn’t long before I was way behind. Dishes were backed up as servers barked out orders: “We need silverware. We’re almost out of water glasses. Can’t you work faster?” I put my head down and just plugged ahead, trying my best, dropping a few plates that shattered in a million pieces, wearing the spray of water that bounced off plates in pre-rinse, and burning my hands on the super-hot plates coming out the other end of the machine.
Millie was really cranking, and I caught her shaking her head a few times when she looked my way. I started to feel helpless and way over my head, when the lunch crowd finally started to dwindle around 2:00. It would take me until 3:30 to finally catch up and start to clean the area for the night crew that would arrive around 4:30. Millie and her helper were cleaning the griddle and busy chopping, slicing, and dicing for tomorrow and they seemed oblivious to me and the work that I was still engaged in. As I was cleaning out and filling the dish machine for the late crew, Millie brought me a cheeseburger and said: “Let’s sit down and talk for a few minutes.”
I thought for sure she was going to fire me after my first day, but instead she smiled and asked: “So how did you like your first day?” I shrugged my shoulders as if to say: It was OK. Millie continued: “You know, you did a really good job today. Many people on their first day, facing a busy rush like that, might have just slipped out the back door and not returned. It happens all the time. But you stuck it out. I saw you struggling, I felt your pain and confusion, but we were busy too, so I couldn’t help. I looked over now and again and when I saw that you were still there, pushing forward, I just shook my head wondering how we found someone with such persistence. I am impressed!” And here I thought that she was shaking her head because I was doing such a terrible job.
Millie smiled again and said: “Listen, I want to tell you something that must stick with you for the rest of your life. The dishwasher is the most important person in the restaurant. We can get by without some employees, but the place falls apart without the dishwasher. You must always take care of the person who does the job that others may think is less important – show respect no matter what you do or where you work. If you learn nothing else while you work here – learn that. Now go home and rest – tomorrow is Sunday brunch day – it will be even busier. The nice thing is that you will have another dishwasher working with you. Thanks for being a good employee.”
I went home with a big smile on my face. My first job, my first day, and the chef said thanks. I think I’m going to like this.
Sunday morning, I struggled to get out of bed, but I knew how important it was for me to be on time. I dressed and rushed out of the house without any breakfast. I arrived at the diner right on time. Millie said: “Good morning, you’re late!” I looked confused and said: “Millie, I thought I was right on time?” She looked sternly at me and said: “On time means 15 minutes early. You need time to put on your apron, wash your hands, say hello to everyone, and then settle into your area. We don’t pay you for that.” Then her stern look turned into a smile. “Have you had any breakfast?” I held my head down and said: “No maam.” She laughed and put a plate of fried eggs, bacon, hash browns, and toast at the back booth table and said: “You can’t do a good job on an empty stomach. Take 15 minutes and enjoy your breakfast then get to work. Breakfast is slow, but by 10:00 the place will be packed.”
I shoveled down the breakfast – it was delicious – and went right to work. I set my station up, filled the machine, and attacked the handful of breakfast dishes and pots and pans. Those college waitresses began to arrive and each one stopped at the dish window, smiled, and said: “Good morning, Paul, nice to see you back here today.” I blushed and suddenly felt like I belonged.
The day was very busy, but Jim, a much more seasoned dishwasher worked with me through lunch. He showed me a few ways to stay more organized and save some steps, and when things kicked into gear we worked well together. He handled pre-rinse, stacking dish racks, and pushing them through the machine while I stacked the hot, clean plates, glassware, and flatware and delivered clean items to various spots in the kitchen and dining room. I was having fun. Millie caught me out of the corner of her eye, winked and smiled. This was enough of a signal to me – I was doing what I was supposed to. When Jim and I cleaned up at the end of service we sat down together and enjoyed that end of shift cheeseburger and he made me drink my first cup of coffee. “You will learn to love coffee and depend on it. Coffee can both help to build your energy and calm you at the same time. Drink up!” I struggled to get it down but managed to do so. He shook my hand and told me it was a pleasure working together.
That week I boasted to my friends about being a working man surrounded by attractive college girls and felt like I was on my way to independence.
The following Saturday I arrived at work 20 minutes early to Millie’s approval. She put her arm around me and said: “Welcome back!”. Then she handed me an envelope with my first paycheck. I quickly opened it and smiled. It wasn’t much, but it was more than I had in my pocket at any time before today. Millie explained about the pay deductions which were kind of discouraging, but as she told me: “We all have to do our part to support the government.” I guess, but I’m only 15 – do they really need those few dollars from me? It wouldn’t be the last time I wondered that.
A retired NFL coach would rally his team before a game with the words: “Where would you rather be than right here, right now?” This is a sentence that sums up the life’s work of these athletes, a culmination of talent, hard work, and perseverance. To get to where they were in that moment took everything they had and now was the time when they should not only relish the feeling of accomplishment, but also not let down their teammates, their coaching staff, the fans, or themselves. This was the moment they were waiting for, the chance to grab what was in front of them and give it their all.
This is where you are right now. It took a lot for you to get to this point. One would assume that you dedicated the time and effort to your education, otherwise graduation might not be within your grasp. Some of you may have been fortunate to come from a family with the finances to support your dreams, while others may have had to scrape and save and take on substantial loan debt to get to the same point – in both cases it took someone’s financial effort to get you here. Your chef instructors dedicated themselves to passing on the knowledge and skills that you will need to reach for your goals; knowledge and skills that took them a career to acquire. Now you are ready to take the leap into reality, to test what you think you know in a fast-paced, physically, emotionally, and mentally demanding business. The next steps you take will lead to a long career with plenty of opportunity and a fair share of bumps in the road. Here you go!
So, put aside for a moment what you know, or what you think you know and listen up. Here are some critical points to remember, essential understanding that will open doors to your future, help you to fit in with your first and many other kitchen crews, and build a path forward.
[] YOU DON’T KNOW ENOUGH – YET:
I know – you spent loads of money for this education and your GPA is much better than average but rest assured – you don’t know enough. You need to approach every position, and every day with this realization and then work on building that portfolio of skills and knowledge. Experience is ultimately the best educator.
[] TAKE EVERY OPPORTUNITY TO LEARN – YOUR EDUCATION WILL
NEVER STOP:
Be a sponge, work for the best, ask too many questions, read everything you can, volunteer on your days off, buddy up with people who are more talented than you, take a course now and then, set a path for your next ten years and make sure that continuing education is a major part of it.
[] ALWAYS REMAIN HUMBLE:
Even when you know quite a bit – be humble. Share what you know with others, listen to them, and never exhibit any belief that you are somehow better than they are.
[] IT’S NOT ABOUT YOU, IT’S ABOUT THE TEAM:
The only consistently successful restaurants are the ones where every member of the team knows they are equal. The end result of great food, satisfied guests, and a profitable restaurant rests on the shoulders of the group working in unison. There is little room for star players, only star team players.
[] WE ARE ALL DISHWASHERS:
Treat dishwashers well, lend a hand, treat them like professionals, thank them, support them, and know that without their work, yours would suffer.
[] NO JOB IS BENEATH YOU – EVERYTHING IN A KITCHEN IS
EVERYONE’S JOB:
If you EVER state or even think that any task in the kitchen is beneath you then it is time to look for a different career.
[] TURN YOUR BACK ON MEDIOCRITY:
Don’t ever be tempted by the words: “good enough”. Mediocrity is a disease they will ruin morale, destroy reputations, drive guests away, and quickly turn success into failure.
[] EXCELLENCE IS THE ONLY APPROACH:
Throughout your career – approach every task as if it were the most important to your career and the reputation of the restaurant. Peeling onions, slicing mushrooms, turning potatoes, chopping parsley, boning chickens, or filleting fish, taking inventory, washing a piece of equipment, or stacking dishes – every job deserves your very best effort.
[] NEVER FORGET WHO HELPED YOU ALONG THE WAY:
Practice this every day and know how important it is and how good it makes you feel: SAY THANK YOU. Say it freely, mean it, and say it often. Stop in to see that chef instructor who put forth the extra effort and say: THANK YOU. Cook a meal for your parents and say: THANK YOU. Drop a note to a chef who took you under his or her wing and say: THANKS. Turn to the co-worker beside you who pitched in when you were in the weeds and say: THANKS!
[] TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF:
Sometimes the hours will be difficult, the physical demands relentless, the emotional strain hard to take, and the pressure for release by over-drinking or using recreational drugs too great – but YOU NEED TO TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF and find the time to eat well, rest, exercise, and protect your mental health. MAKE THE TIME and let the chef know that this is part of your lifestyle.
[] EVERYTHING YOU DO IMPACTS YOUR BRAND:
This is a tough one – you are still young and let’s face it, sometimes naïve about the impact of your actions. Watch what you post on social media, how you interact with others, obey the laws of the land and the policies of your employer, know what it means to be professional and hold those standards very, very close. Don’t allow your personal brand to be damaged.
[] YOU ARE IN THE SERVICE BUSINESS – IF YOU ARE NOT SERVING THE GUEST DIRECTLY, THEN SERVE SOMEONE WHO IS:
You may think you are in the business of food, but we are all in the business of serving others and exceeding their expectations.
[] CLEAN AS YOU GO:
As has been said: cleanliness is next to godliness.
[] FOOD SAFETY IS A SACRED TRUST:
The most important thing you can do for a guest and for the reputation of the restaurant is to protect everyone’s wellbeing through application of proper sanitation and food handling. THAT SANITATION CLASS WAS VERY IMPORTANT.
[] BE COST CONSCIOUS – THE KEY TO BEING NOTICED:
Restaurants work on very small profit margins. The chef and manager cannot watch every penny, but you and your co-workers can.
[] RESPECT OTHERS:
Male, female, young, old, dishwasher or executive chef, owner, manager, vendor, delivery driver, co-workers, farmer, guest, health inspector and anyone else who crosses your path – BE RESPECTFUL!
[] RESPECT THE INGREDIENTS AND THE EQUIPMENT YOU USE:
Always remember that as cooks we are privileged to work with ingredients that farmers, fishermen, ranchers, and producers dedicated as much passion and effort to as you do the job of cook. We owe them our respect and care. We need to ensure that those ingredients are handled and stored correctly and when in production used properly and to their fullest. Excessive waste is a sign of disrespect for those involved in the process of getting those ingredients to you. The same holds true for the equipment (very expensive I might add) that we work with. Treat it with care as if it were your own.
[] BELIEVE IN SOMETHING IMPORTANT and GIVE BACK:
Pick something and make it part of your identity. Be somewhat altruistic with your profession and stand for something that is meaningful. It might be sustainability, waste management, protection of traditions, a pursuit of excellence, authenticity, or connection with the source of ingredients, etc. You will always feel better about your career choice if you take a stand.
[] LEARN FROM YOUR MISTAKES:
You will make plenty of mistakes – they are a teaching tool. Mistakes are a problem when we don’t learn from them.
[] BE DEPENDABLE and HONEST:
Show up when you say you will, be prepared to work, follow through and make sure that every task assigned is completed at the highest level and remain a bastion of honesty – something that others can ALWAYS depend on.
[] TAKE PRIDE IN THE PROFESSION:
There are centuries of professional cooks who came before you; cooks who defined our profession and established pride in what we do, how we do it, how we look and act, and the standards that define us. Be proud of this and act and look in a manner that pays respect to that history. You are the new ambassadors for an industry.
This is a direct message to all of those young cooks just starting out, dishwashers, culinary students, and seasoned veterans of the kitchen – you can go as far as you want to go in the food business as long as you are willing to put in the work, build a plan, and stick to the plan. Am I exaggerating? NO! I believe this wholeheartedly, there is no limit to what you can achieve if you believe that you can and invest the energy and time.
Whatever you want to achieve, and whatever position you seek: Restaurant Chef, Research Chef, Personal Chef, Restaurateur, Food and Beverage Director, Teacher, Author, Consultant, or Product Developer are all within your reach. Yes, this is ABSOLUTELY TRUE. The only person who can get in the way of your success is YOU.
So, what should you be doing right now to set a course for a great future in the kitchen? Here are fifteen “must do” methods:
[] START WITH A PLAN:
You have to want to find a specific level of success and that begins with a “how to” plan. Do you want to be a chef some day in a high-volume family style restaurant? Then connect with chefs already in that role and ask what skills are needed and how they managed to acquire them. Build this into your plan. Do you want to aspire to become a restaurant owner someday, then do the same with successful restaurateurs. What are the skills, what are the steps, and how might you meet those requirements?
[] BE WILLING TO TURN ON A DIME:
One of the interesting things about a career in food is that you never know what opportunities might come your way. As important as your plan is, be willing to realign with a new plan if one of those great opportunities does emerge. Trust me – you never know where a career in food might take you.
[] COMMIT TO CONSTANT SKILL DEVELOPMENT:
Learning will never cease. If a day goes by that you don’t actively pursue skill growth, then you should view it as a day of missed opportunity. Commit to constant learning.
[] BE INQUISITIVE:
If you don’t know – ask. If you see someone exhibit a unique skill, then find out how you might do the same. If you face a challenge that is outside of your wheelhouse to fix, then find someone who can lead you on the path to solving it. Asking WHY is one of the most beneficial steps in the pursuit of a successful career.
[] TAKE EVERY OPPORTUNITY TO LEARN:
Sometimes learning is not “on the clock”. Sometimes you will need to volunteer, work without pay after hours, shadow an expert, take a class, or even click on a YouTube video. Do whatever it takes, whenever it is offered, to build your portfolio of skills and knowledge.
[] EXPAND YOUR PALATE:
Not just your palate for taste and flavor, but also your palate for understanding people, their traditions and culture, why they cook the way they do and what environmental influences make their food unique. This is how cooks become accomplished chefs with the ability to represent different cuisines with some level of authenticity. Tap into the diversity in the kitchens where you work and build an understanding of what makes people tick, what makes them special and in return you will grow as a professional.
[] THINK PAST TODAY:
Sometimes the challenges of today seem to eat up all of our time and effort. Sometimes today is so challenging that we find ourselves totally focused on how to get through it. A career requires that you think beyond today, accept the challenges, find the time, invest money that you don’t have, and be a little humbler than you might like knowing that the end game is your reward.
[] KNOW WHAT YOU DON’T KNOW:
Admitting that you need to improve, that you are not great at everything, that some things are simply beyond your ability right now, is an important step in building a future career. Once you know what you don’t know then addressing those obstacles becomes part of your plan.
[] WORK FOR THE RIGHT PEOPLE:
Select your employers wisely. Work for operations that can build on your skill set, work for chefs who will push you to get better. Think outcomes vs. paycheck in the beginning, The money will come once you have a lot to sell.
[] COMMIT TO IT:
If you really want it, then commit fully to the process, to your plan, and to your desire to be all that you can be. Without the “all-in” commitment this will not work.
[] LIVE THE SEVEN “R’S”: (Responsible, Relationships, Resist, Read, Remember, Results):
RESPONSIBLE: You are responsible for your own skill set, your own learning, and your own future – don’t relegate the responsibility to others and blame them for your inability to reach your goals. The ball is in YOUR court.
RELATIONSHIPS: Choose your friends, acquaintances, employers, and mentors wisely. Make sure that they represent what you aspire for yourself. Do they fit into your plan?
RESIST: In the restaurant business especially, there are a number of temptations that can pull you off course: lack of caring for your health, drugs, alcohol, late nights, more money with the wrong employers, etc. Cooks with an eye on their future work hard at resisting these temptations.
READ: Invest the time to read everything you can. Trade magazines, business books, management and leadership, self-help books, novels, travel journals, cookbooks, etc. These will open your eyes and help to build your intellectual brand.
REMEMBER: Remember all of the individuals who help you along the way, stay engaged with them, and by all means – take the time to thank them over and over again.
RESPECT: Remember, the professional that you want to become is an individual who respects the people he or she works with and for, the guests who choose to spend their money in a restaurant, the ingredients that are available, the people who dedicate their lives to growing, raising, and harvesting those ingredients, and the facilities where every cook works.
RESULTS: All of your investment will fail to produce the right outcomes unless you can chart a history of positive results. Record those results, track them, create a portfolio of accomplishments, and build on them.
[] BUILD AND ENGAGE YOUR NETWORK:
Throughout your career it will be those unique connections, your network of influence, that opens doors and helps to continually build your personal brand and portfolio of skills. Again, build this and stay connected. Help them and they will help you.
[] DEPENDABILITY FIRST:
Never forget that trust in your skills and focus on outcomes, trust in your consistency as a person, trust that you will be there when you are scheduled, and trust that you will produce excellent results with every task no matter how small or large is the single most important aspect of your professional brand. This is what will pave the way for all the success you seek.
[] BALANCE THE BUSINESS WITH THE ALTRUSITIC REASONS TO BE A FOOD PROFESSIONAL:
Know that you are being paid to produce positive business results and customer satisfaction. You can never push these facts aside, but at the same time, we all need to feel as though we are doing the right thing and making a difference in the world. Both outcomes are essential. Never sacrifice one for the other.
[] WORK ON YOUR BRAND EVERY DAY:
Everything that you do, every step that you take, ever product that you make, and every associate whom you follow, or lead is part of your brand. People will invest as much in you as you invest in yourself.
This is a direct message to all of those young cooks just starting out, dishwashers, culinary students, and seasoned veterans of the kitchen – you can go as far as you want to go in the food business as long as you are willing to put in the work, build a plan, and stick to the plan. Am I exaggerating? NO! I believe this wholeheartedly, there is no limit to what you can achieve if you believe that you can and invest the energy and time.
Whatever you want to achieve, and whatever position you seek: Restaurant Chef, Research Chef, Personal Chef, Restaurateur, Food and Beverage Director, Teacher, Author, Consultant, or Product Developer are all within your reach. Yes, this is ABSOLUTELY TRUE. The only person who can get in the way of your success is YOU.
So, what should you be doing right now to set a course for a great future in the kitchen? Here are fifteen “must do” methods:
[] START WITH A PLAN:
You have to want to find a specific level of success and that begins with a “how to” plan. Do you want to be a chef some day in a high-volume family style restaurant? Then connect with chefs already in that role and ask what skills are needed and how they managed to acquire them. Build this into your plan. Do you want to aspire to become a restaurant owner someday, then do the same with successful restaurateurs. What are the skills, what are the steps, and how might you meet those requirements?
[] BE WILLING TO TURN ON A DIME:
One of the interesting things about a career in food is that you never know what opportunities might come your way. As important as your plan is, be willing to realign with a new plan if one of those great opportunities does emerge. Trust me – you never know where a career in food might take you.
[] COMMIT TO CONSTANT SKILL DEVELOPMENT:
Learning will never cease. If a day goes by that you don’t actively pursue skill growth, then you should view it as a day of missed opportunity. Commit to constant learning.
[] BE INQUISITIVE:
If you don’t know – ask. If you see someone exhibit a unique skill, then find out how you might do the same. If you face a challenge that is outside of your wheelhouse to fix, then find someone who can lead you on the path to solving it. Asking WHY is one of the most beneficial steps in the pursuit of a successful career.
[] TAKE EVERY OPPORTUNITY TO LEARN:
Sometimes learning is not “on the clock”. Sometimes you will need to volunteer, work without pay after hours, shadow an expert, take a class, or even click on a YouTube video. Do whatever it takes, whenever it is offered, to build your portfolio of skills and knowledge.
[] EXPAND YOUR PALATE:
Not just your palate for taste and flavor, but also your palate for understanding people, their traditions and culture, why they cook the way they do and what environmental influences make their food unique. This is how cooks become accomplished chefs with the ability to represent different cuisines with some level of authenticity. Tap into the diversity in the kitchens where you work and build an understanding of what makes people tick, what makes them special and in return you will grow as a professional.
[] THINK PAST TODAY:
Sometimes the challenges of today seem to eat up all of our time and effort. Sometimes today is so challenging that we find ourselves totally focused on how to get through it. A career requires that you think beyond today, accept the challenges, find the time, invest money that you don’t have, and be a little humbler than you might like knowing that the end game is your reward.
[] KNOW WHAT YOU DON’T KNOW:
Admitting that you need to improve, that you are not great at everything, that some things are simply beyond your ability right now, is an important step in building a future career. Once you know what you don’t know then addressing those obstacles becomes part of your plan.
[] WORK FOR THE RIGHT PEOPLE:
Select your employers wisely. Work for operations that can build on your skill set, work for chefs who will push you to get better. Think outcomes vs. paycheck in the beginning, The money will come once you have a lot to sell.
[] COMMIT TO IT:
If you really want it, then commit fully to the process, to your plan, and to your desire to be all that you can be. Without the “all-in” commitment this will not work.
[] LIVE THE SEVEN “R’S”: (Responsible, Relationships, Resist, Read, Remember, Results):
RESPONSIBLE: You are responsible for your own skill set, your own learning, and your own future – don’t relegate the responsibility to others and blame them for your inability to reach your goals. The ball is in YOUR court.
RELATIONSHIPS: Choose your friends, acquaintances, employers, and mentors wisely. Make sure that they represent what you aspire for yourself. Do they fit into your plan?
RESIST: In the restaurant business especially, there are a number of temptations that can pull you off course: lack of caring for your health, drugs, alcohol, late nights, more money with the wrong employers, etc. Cooks with an eye on their future work hard at resisting these temptations.
READ: Invest the time to read everything you can. Trade magazines, business books, management and leadership, self-help books, novels, travel journals, cookbooks, etc. These will open your eyes and help to build your intellectual brand.
REMEMBER: Remember all of the individuals who help you along the way, stay engaged with them, and by all means – take the time to thank them over and over again.
RESPECT: Remember, the professional that you want to become is an individual who respects the people he or she works with and for, the guests who choose to spend their money in a restaurant, the ingredients that are available, the people who dedicate their lives to growing, raising, and harvesting those ingredients, and the facilities where every cook works.
RESULTS: All of your investment will fail to produce the right outcomes unless you can chart a history of positive results. Record those results, track them, create a portfolio of accomplishments, and build on them.
[] BUILD AND ENGAGE YOUR NETWORK:
Throughout your career it will be those unique connections, your network of influence, that opens doors and helps to continually build your personal brand and portfolio of skills. Again, build this and stay connected. Help them and they will help you.
[] DEPENDABILITY FIRST:
Never forget that trust in your skills and focus on outcomes, trust in your consistency as a person, trust that you will be there when you are scheduled, and trust that you will produce excellent results with every task no matter how small or large is the single most important aspect of your professional brand. This is what will pave the way for all the success you seek.
[] BALANCE THE BUSINESS WITH THE ALTRUSITIC REASONS TO BE A FOOD PROFESSIONAL:
Know that you are being paid to produce positive business results and customer satisfaction. You can never push these facts aside, but at the same time, we all need to feel as though we are doing the right thing and making a difference in the world. Both outcomes are essential. Never sacrifice one for the other.
[] WORK ON YOUR BRAND EVERY DAY:
Everything that you do, every step that you take, ever product that you make, and every associate whom you follow, or lead is part of your brand. People will invest as much in you as you invest in yourself.
Now that I have your attention and you are back in your chair, let me explain. The margins are very tight, in fact they are so tight that most business savvy people would wonder why anyone would ever want to own a restaurant. The cost of raw materials seems to always go up, most ingredients that restaurants use are highly perishable, customer volume is less predictable than we would like, seasonal differences in quality are quite significant, the supply chain is out of step with demand, and waste seems to be a real problem in many operations. The buck seems to always stop with the chef; it’s the chef’s kitchen, the chef’s food cost, and the chef’s menu that drives marginal profit at best. So, if the cost of goods is not the chef’s responsibility, then where does the buck stop?
The answer is simple, yet profoundly challenging: food cost is EVERYONE’S responsibility. From the dishwasher to the prep cook, line cook to sous chef, and server to restaurant manager – food cost percentages must be something that everyone takes on as a job requirement. Until this is universally accepted and embraced, a restaurant is unlikely to meet its obligation for financial success.
Let’s look at how this works:
[] SMART BUYING
Whether the chef or another assigned individual is responsible, buying ingredients is not simply a case of calling your purveyor and stating what you need. Smart buying involves purchasing fresh ingredients when they are in season and keeping them off menus when they are not. Smart buying means to look at quantity discounts when available, buying generic brands when quality still meets your standards, and shopping several vendors with quality and price in mind. Smart buying is a key to cost control.
[] PRODUCT RECEIVING
Cost control begins at the back door. If it is sold by weight, then weigh it when it arrives. If it is sold by count, then count when it arrives. Check for quality and expiration dates, make sure that storage in transit was handled properly and match the product to your specifications to ensure that it is consistent. Proper receiving equals good cost control.
[] STORAGE AND ROTATION
First in, first out. Make sure that cooler temperatures are appropriate for the products stored. Fresh fish on ice with proper drainage, produce cleaned and transferred to Lexan containers with proper labeling and dating. Part of cost control is to maximize freshness and longevity. Waste control is cost control.
[] LABEL AND DATE
One of the easiest and most effective ways of maintaining freshness and shelf-life is to immediately label and date products on receipt and do the same for products once they are prepped or cooked and stored. Waste and quality control is cost control.
[] FOUNDATIONAL COOKING METHODS
Practicing proper cooking methods is another way of ensuring consistent quality and cost. In the end, the purpose of the ingredients you buy is ultimately to translate into sales. Consistent quality through proper cooking will translate into satisfied guests and return business. Implementing proper cooking methods is a form of cost control.
[] RECIPES
Although recipes are not foolproof, they are effective guides that lead to consistent quality and consistent, predictable cost. When you know what the cost of a menu item truly is then you are able to build proper selling prices that lead to profitability. Recipes are a significant piece of the cost control puzzle.
[] WASTE ACCOUNTABILITY
Try requiring your cooks to keep a Lexan container at their workstation for any “waste” that they generate in production. Monitor it and discuss ways that they might minimize their production waste, how much that waste impacts on cost and profitability, and why perceived waste is a driver of business failure. Also, as a friend of mine once suggested: buy smaller garbage cans as a way of discouraging wasteful practices in the kitchen.
[] STANDARDS IN PLACE, FOLLOW STANDARDS
Build in standard operating procedures that are focused on cost control. Train to these standards and manage them. As an example, vegetable peelings can be standardized as a component for broth flavoring instead of cut mire poix, and meat trim can be incorporated in staff meat through creative recipe development. Used coffee grounds can be worked into the herb garden soil mix, lobster and shrimp shells can become a base for fumet for seafood sauces, unused dining room bread and rolls can be dried for breadcrumbs. Standards become habits, and good habits are a start in the right direction for cost control.
[] WATCH RETURNING PLATES
Watch returning plates from the dining room to help assess the reaction to new menu items and the size of portions. Sometimes guests do not point to your misses – they just don’t return if they are unhappy or if they feel that portions are excessive. Understanding guest reactions will help to manage sales and in turn reflect on cost control.
[] BIGGER IS NOT ALWAYS BETTER
The size wars in restaurants are a no-win game. To some operators there is a feeling that value is directly related to how large the portions are, but value is connected to the experience associated with ordering and consuming a menu item. Out of control portions leave little room for profitability when price ceilings are always a concern. Quality and the experience of consuming a dish are significant cost control factors.
[] MENU PLANNING WITH TOTAL USE IN MIND
When a chef plans a menu, it is important to build in ways for total use of raw materials. A menu can appear larger by simply factoring in multiple ways of using every part of ingredients. Menu planning leads to better cost control.
[] UPSELLING TO DRIVE DOWN PERCENTAGES
The top line drives the bottom line. Part of the process of cost control lies in the hands of servers who understand that part of their job is to sell. When done properly, upselling appetizers, desserts, and even different, more profitable menu items, lead to better control of waste, cost, and the guest dining experience. Your servers hold the key to profitability and cost control.
[] RESTAURANT EYES
Part of your job as a chef or restaurateur is to “see” what is going on. Solid cost control begins and ends with your ability to understand and manage all of the measures listed above. This is an “every-minute” task that defines success and profitability. Every employee must be involved in this process – not just management. As managers your primary method of cost control is to train and manage others to be your eyes and cost management implementors.
I have never physically owned a restaurant, but I have always approached the position of chef as if I did. Like many chefs that I have known over the years, I was always “all in” when it came to my actual responsibilities and those that I perceived where there. Those who physically own a restaurant are the ones who write the checks; they are constantly faced with all the decisions that go along with that responsibility, oftentimes tough decisions, and oftentimes decisions that require some level of compromise. They are all in at a different level entirely. Emotional ownership, the type that has always driven me and many other chefs is no less demanding but comes short of those physical decisions. I’m not sure that any chef can be truly effective in his or her position without that emotional ownership and I am surprised when a chef/owner is able to stay true to his or her stakes in the ground and still be effective as a physical owner.
Now, don’t get me wrong, after decades of engagement in the restaurant business, I know full well how to make those tough decisions and I understand why, in many cases, they need to be made – I just don’t have the stomach to make them. Sometimes those decisions mean that labor hours must be cut, or positions eliminated; sometimes it means raising selling prices again or finding ways to cut costs that compromise some level of quality or quantity. Oftentimes it means that a menu that was the heart and soul of a restaurant must be changed to meet the financial goals of the operation and sometimes in the extreme it may mean drifting away from the concept that was the core of the restaurant identity. From the physical ownership perspective – this is the smart approach, but to the emotional owner it may be perceived as a stab to the heart. Neither type of ownership is totally correct nor totally incorrect, it just is the way it is in a highly volatile business.
There certainly are example of restaurants where the emotional and physical ownerships align; where the somewhat altruistic approach is so viable that physical ownership can maintain their margins and the chef who is not interested in being the one who writes the checks can feel good about the restaurants approach. I admire these operations, but also respect those who need to make those tough decisions that keep the operation afloat.
What I have found though is that a healthy business cannot thrive unless there is an equal dose of both ownership types. Unless there is a strong belief and execution of concept, consistent quality of product, real investment in people, and encouragement for excellence and value then the restaurant will eventually struggle. At the same time if there isn’t an understanding of the need for tough decision-making, an understanding that compromise is likely inevitable on occasion, then all the altruism that a chef might muster may not be enough for the operation to survive.
So, what is my point? Look at the truly successful operations, the ones with decades of success, the ones that are benchmarks for others and you will find this balance of physical and emotional ownership. Both owners are “all-in”; both owners listen to each other and respect the role that each play. This is the only way that it can work. Great restaurants are more than businesses – they reflect history, tradition, experiences, heart and soul, passion, and commitment to something that is greater than the sum of its parts. Great restaurants feed people’s bodies, minds, hearts, and souls – they are an escape for some and a reward for many. Great restaurants are there to support people, to pamper them, to recognize them, and to connect them with others. They are the place where people gather to celebrate and commemorate. Great restaurants represent something important and as such are revered by employees and guests alike – this is the emotional side, the altruistic side of being in the restaurant business – this is hospitality. Every great restaurant has an abundance of this emotion. At the same time, the restaurant, if it is to support all these altruistic ambitions, must be financially viable. Someone needs to write the checks and analyze whether the emotional side is making sound business decisions. The two sides of the equation are essential.
It is rare that the two sides are represented by one person. There must be room for give and take and this is hard to imagine without discussion and debate. Sometimes the two sides can “put their money where their mouth is”, to be financially engaged at some level, while other times one may hold the financial responsibility while the other invests the “sweat equity”, but they both are committed.
I can’t imagine a chef in a successful restaurant who is not an emotional owner, who fails to treat the position as if the restaurant were “owned”. I can’t imagine any level of real success for a restaurant without this level of commitment, a commitment to concept, menu, people, marketing, cost control, vendors, and cooking integrity. I cannot imagine a successful chef who is not fully committed to excellence, and consistency, as well as the art and the craft. For those of us who understand this, I say “welcome to the club”. For those who feel that the job can be done without this level of commitment, I say “show me how”? I am willing to listen, but my decades of experience make it difficult for me to see how that might work.
This is not a letter of support for giving up balance in the process. I do believe that emotional ownership can exist within the parameters of reasonable hours and life/work balance but separation from the emotional commitment to excellence, consistency, the art, and the craft; to the altruistic side of what we do, and to the image that the restaurant seeks to promote is, I believe, highly unlikely.
There is something very rewarding about ownership whether it is physical and financial, or more emotional than anything else – it is a business with both tangible and intangible rewards. You can tell when both types of ownership are in place. You can see it on the plate and feel it through the sincerity of hospitality; it is quite tangible. To be an effective chef, in a successful restaurant, some level of ownership must be present – my perspective.
You remember those early moments with food – the aha moments when a dish really surprised you. The flavor, aroma, texture, or presentation made you sit back in your chair, close your eyes, and wonder how anything could be this good. We have all had those moments – this is likely the reason that a career in food became inevitable. That first fresh, briny oyster; the experience of a perfectly braised, fork tender, full-flavored, silky lamb shank; the incredible crunch of a crusty, salty, rich buttermilk fried chicken; the deep sweetness of a July heirloom tomato, fresh pulled- still warm mozzarella, garden picked basil leaves, extra virgin olive oil and crunchy sea salt from a salad caprese; or a simply elegant grilled fresh fish with zesty lemon and cracked pepper – these were flavor moments that stayed with you and inspired you to pay them homage on your own menus. Remember how beautiful those well designed and executed plate presentations gave you pause, stopped your conversations, and insisted that you snap a picture for posterity. These became your benchmarks for how the plates that came from your kitchen were to be measured.
As chefs we have significant challenges including building an organizational structure and the right cohesive team of cooks, identifying vendors that can be trusted and relied on, navigating through the roadblocks of a pandemic, and trying to figure how to earn a profit for a restaurant, but it will be very hard to accomplish any of that if we fail to remember and zero in on excitement and surprise with the food that we prepare and present. Just as these two factors inspired you to become a chef, so too are they what inspire your guests to return time and again – driving that potential for profit and helping you to attract the very best cooks.
Yes, the times are different, and we have to adjust and sometimes compromise; we must prepare to problem solve every day; but holding on to excitement and surprise is also crucial for navigation through these times. The most important word ever uttered by a guest and ever embraced by a peer cook or chef is WOW! Chefs must remain in constant pursuit of WOW. Guests who view the plate in front of them with alert senses – taking in the visual presentation and the aroma and thinking, in anticipation, how incredible the experience of eating this will be, is a guest who is ready to take note and store every bit of this meal in his or her subconscious. The guest who savors every bite and offers a sample to the person sitting next to them, saying: “you have to try this”, is an ambassador who will boast about your food and the dining experience to friends, family, and social media strangers alike. You remember those meals that you experienced and the impact they had on your career – this is what you need to re-create in your restaurant.
These restaurant guest experiences will bring them back for more – seeking another chance to feel the WOW. Subsequent trips from these ambassadors become more challenging for chefs – you need to create another exciting surprise with flavor, texture, and presentation every time they return. To this end the menu that you build should always have some fluidity. Whether it is a constantly evolving menu or a robust “features” component, part of reaching and maintaining success is to offer a bit of excitement and surprise each time a guest makes a reservation. The same is true of those individuals who cook for you. They too need that element of excitement and surprise to look forward to, a new experience in cooking every time they tie on an apron.
The real experience of dining begins when a potential guest makes a decision to call for a reservation. Help build that level of wonder and positive anticipation: “what will the chef surprise us with this time.”
Of course, there is always a need for a level of stability and predictability. There are certain well-executed items on your menu that define your restaurant, items that your return guests can depend on, and items that help with kitchen organization and work patterns. But these items should always leave room for something that the guest didn’t expect (in a good way). Keep the menu fresh and alive – build in anticipation, it keeps everyone wondering what gifts the chef will offer today.
Routine can be comforting, and predictability is a foundation of control, but the energy in a successful restaurant comes from pushing the edges and keeping people guessing. Word of mouth marketing is driven by the wonders of anticipation – you need to play in that sandbox.
When times are unusually challenging like they are today, the tendency is to hunker down, keep things simple, and avoid coloring outside the lines, but this is not the territory where great restaurants thrive. Long term profit potential is driven by perceived value and value encompasses so much more than price for the guest and measurable profit for the operator. Value is all about how the guest feels about the experience of dining and how the restaurant views contribution. When value is based on experience and brand significance then guests will become fans and profit will be the inevitable outcome. For this to occur we can never forget the importance of excitement and surprise.
In a hotel or resort the elements of surprise and excitement will come from the amenities offered, rarely from the room that is rented. Even in the most luxurious hotels, it will be the spa service, the health and exercise facilities, and the restaurant where excitement pulls people in. Renting rooms becomes exponentially easier when the amenities excite and surprise. Do you strive to be a great hotel with a restaurant or a great restaurant with great rooms. This is more than semantics; it is a philosophy that determines the level of excitement and surprise that you provide.
In a free-standing restaurant it is the magic of the food and the intrigue that accompanies some level of predictable unpredictability that keeps those reservation phones ringing. Don’t lose sight of how important this is. Remember those early experiences in your career and use them as a benchmark for how you approach the job of being a chef. Put your signature on the menu and in the kitchen through your cooks – make that signature synonymous with great anticipation.
Whether it is a magnificent seven-course pre-fix menu that changes frequently, or an incredible rib and brisket operation with “fall off the bone” tenderness, incredible wood smoked aroma, and rich “melt-in-your-mouth” flavors – never forget the essential ingredients: excitement and surprise. It’s what great restaurants do.
Cooking and eating are two of the great pleasures in life. They are sensual in nature, vividly stimulating sight, sound, touch, smell, and taste as we participate in a process of transitioning Nature’s ingredients through the application of heat and seasoning. When cooking and eating add tradition and structure they become “dining”, an entirely new process that builds memory and organizes digestion into silos of recall, history, and correctness, but at their core – these two elements of life are pure pleasure. The smell of meat caramelizing on an open fire, the chew of crusty artisan bread, the creaminess of cultured butter, the crunch of a Fall apple, or the deep flavor of a warm July tomato pulled directly from the vine are heavenly to experience. Sweet corn with its plump kernels exposed beneath the protection of husk and silk, fresh pan fried trout plucked and eviscerated minutes before from an icy stream, the sound of a crunchy potato chip between your teeth, the bite of a tart and sweet strawberry harvested from a field in early June, the soft textures of a custard baked in a water bath and topped with a brulee of caramelized sugar, or the beauty of a perfectly assembled plate of food with an emphasis on color, texture, and balance are all wonderful to experience and nearly as wonderful to envision.
Centuries ago, nutrition was not a science, but rather the body’s divining rod pointing to specific foods that it required, and a stroke of luck. What was the basis for the Mediterranean diet but adapting one’s eating to the indigenous, available, and affordable ingredients of Italians, Spaniards, and Greeks? Why did poor Mexican families build a diet around beans, rice, and corn (protein complementation) except for availability and the affordability of plentiful indigenous ingredients? How did Native Americans decide to grow vegetables to accompany a diet of bison, deer, rabbit, and fish? Nutrition was not a science; it was innate with a heavy dose of luck.
In recent decades we have become aware of the science of nutrition. We know how the body acts and reacts, what it needs, and why it needs what it needs. We know full well that our health, how we feel, and our capacity to learn and grow are clearly tied to a balance of essential nutrients in the correct proportions. Cooking and eating are both pleasurable and now scientific acts. What we understand, we can control. Yet, with all that we inherently know, our free will and those desires for the sensual process of cooking and eating tend to reign supreme. We find excuses in those sensual pleasures and even point to “what we can afford” as reason to push aside what we know.
Is there room for sensual cooking, eating, and paying respect to the traditions and structures that make both an integral part of civilized living as well as the science of what our body’s need? It is a question that is rarely vocalized, but often considered by cooks and consumers when they make food choices. It is a choice that cooks have a responsibility to understand and address.
I had the pleasure of communicating with Dr. Deborah Kennedy, the CEO of Culinary Rehab – an organization focused on teaching kitchens and nutrition programs to change the health of populations. She holds a PhD. in Nutrition from Tufts University and has dedicated her career to helping bring nutrition awareness into our lives. We focused on the Power of Food to impact our physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual being as well as effective ways of changing eating habits and attitudes. Having faced a critical health diagnosis herself, she has (in her own words)
“taken on the biggest journey of my life when I chose what my healing journey would look like 1.”
It became her mission to open others to this possibility.
As chefs and professional cooks, we have an opportunity and quite possibly an obligation to understand healthy choices in dining, implement effective methodologies in our kitchens, and demonstrate through our menus how “healthy food can be delicious and even craveable2.” So many diseases that plague humankind are linked to dietary choices: heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and certain forms of cancer can be controlled through healthy food choices. With this in mind, habit changes will not be driven by one sector, but rather through a unified effort including doctors, dietitians, cooks and chefs, family, marketers, and what Kennedy refers to as a “tribe of food coaches”. According to Kennedy, medical doctors have so much to learn that nutrition is often pushed aside. Her approach is referred to as Culinary Medicine where medical students are coached to practice “self-care” while they are learning about nutrition through their own practice.
This same approach, it would seem, has tremendous potential in all segments of the population where influencers are present. Cooks, chefs, restaurateurs, distributors, product developers, and marketers when properly coached about their own dietary wellness will intentionally, or unintentionally pass it forward. Dr. Kennedy hopes, with her organization, to support doctors through coached personal nutritional habits that would reduce physician burnout. The “coach” would be, as she puts it:
“the liaison between the doctor and the patient. The doctor and/or dietitian tells the patient to eat less fat or sodium as an example, and the food coach is there to show individuals what to buy and how to cook food in order to follow that advice 3.”
We discussed the challenges that people face in absorbing what they should be doing to practice healthy eating:
“people don’t like being told what they can and cannot eat. Each of us, on average, makes over 200 food decisions a day. Add to that the more than 150 dietary guidelines and that is too much for anyone to handle 4.”
One solution is to approach the results of our fast-paced society that has led many of us to eat at breakneck speed.
“Let’s show people how to eat a variety of healthful food; let’s show them how to slow down enough and become present when eating so they can feel when they have had enough to eat5.”
This should hit home with most cooks and chefs who tend to cram in a five-minute power dinner while standing up before those restaurant doors open to the public.
One question that every chef is wrestling with pertains to directions in food consumption. There are indications that societal pressures may move us closer to “plant-based” diets. This is not strictly for dietary reasons, but also drivers associated with the impact of livestock on global climate change. We wonder, how will we transition our menus to accommodate this and is this really a chef’s responsibility? Chefs have always lived by the mantra that our job is customer satisfaction; are we now charged with changing eating habits and saving the planet? Kennedy believes that change is coming – we have no long-term choice but to change. However, small changes can make a big difference.
“What I know is that each step down the plant forward path will have its own rewards and one does not need to reach the end of the spectrum (vegan) in order to heal themselves and this planet 6.”
Over the past three years, Dr. Kennedy has worked with a dozen chefs and forty nutrition experts from the U.S., Canada, and Europe to create “culinary competencies” so that a doctor’s dietary recommendations can translate into “what to buy and how to prepare it in order to promote health and healing”.
The result is a modular textbook reference for all who can become a change advocate – a culinary coach.
Cooks and chefs are important liaisons in the quest for a healthier community. We are on the front lines for change and change communication. Understanding is critical, but execution even more so. Our ability to dispel the misconceptions about healthy food choices and support the preparation of delicious and nutritious food can have a far-reaching impact on the wellbeing of customers, friends, family, co-workers, and neighbors.
Dr. Kennedy’s book should be on the shelf of in every chef’s office. It is an important tool.
Decades of working in or focusing on kitchens and kitchen life have led me to wonder, and sometimes question what I really know. Our resumes never really tell the story, at least not the important story. A resume may reflect on where you have spent time, the title that you have been given, and the scope of the business, but what do I (you) really know after all this time and all of those positions?
We may have been exposed to much, experienced a great deal, and have been through a great number of bumps in the road – but what have we taken away from that? This really is an interesting assessment of time in the kitchen, time in the life of a chef. This is a reflection, a deep reflection on what the answer might be to the question: “what do I know?” So here is my assessment:
[] As much as I think I know about food and operating a kitchen there is so much more that I don’t know.
Just when we think that we might be good at our jobs – something new stares us down. A new technique, a new way to measure, a different type of presentation, a different challenge in operations, a higher cost, product unavailability, more competition to keep us on our toes – it is never ending. If nothing else, over the years, I have found that there is so much more that I don’t know. The question is always – how will I respond to this? Will I make an effort to learn and grow, or will I accept that a “new thing” is beyond me? Will I profess to have mastered my craft or will I admit that this will never be possible?
[] I love to cook – always have, always will.
This is something that I can always trust, the love of the craft, the enjoyment of working with the ingredients, the thrill of a well-prepared plate of food, and a smile on the face of the person who enjoys it. During the most challenging times as a chef – this is something that I could always take enjoyment in.
[] What cooks and chefs do is meaningful.
I have always been able to look in a mirror and feel good about what I do. I have always been able to talk with cooks about the importance of their job. We cook to pay homage to those who grow, raise, catch, and produce the ingredients we are privileged to work with; we cook the make people happy, to give them a break from their challenges and problems, to reward them when others fail to do so, and to bring them together with friends and family, business associates, and even those who they disagree with. This is what we do.
[] As a chef I am only as good as my team.
My reputation as a cook and a chef is really my team’s reputation. I am nothing but a reasonably competent cook without them. This is something to always remember, to never forget. There is no place in the kitchen for a chef’s ego. The chef is the orchestrator who brings together and hopefully leads an incredibly talented and dedicated team of marvelous technicians.
[] Training and supporting the kitchen team is my primary responsibility.
Yes, there are numerous lists of responsibilities that accompany a chef’s job description, but none is more important than investing in that team. Every minute spent in teaching, training, mentoring, and lifting up that team is an investment in the future of the restaurant. This is job number one!
[] What I learned in school pales in comparison to what I learned on the job.
A formal education is an essential part of a person’s growth and preparation for life and a career. This being said – until those lessons are applied in the unpredictable environment of life, they will remain theoretical and un-tested. For a chef, there is no greater teacher than the school of hard knocks, the environment where each day we face the opportunity to succeed and the chance to fail.
[] Even the predictable is unpredictable in a kitchen.
We work with ingredient seasonality that challenges the value of a recipe without the understanding of how to compensate for variance in quality. We work with employees who have their own set of challenges on and off the job, so how they approach their job is always unpredictable. And we serve customers who also bring their challenges to the table – how they feel in the moment will impact their experience and the experience of serving them.
[] My reputation will always be based on the last meal served.
Hard as it may be to accept – 99 exceptional meals and 1 that misses the mark will not result in a grade of 99, but rather a failing one for that individual who was not happy. In a world where dissatisfaction is projected to thousands on social media, instantly, a chef must work extra hard to strive for 100% or at least recover very quickly when the opportunity to “wow” is missed.
[] My actions on and off the job impact the restaurant’s reputation.
Maybe, a line cook can step in the wrong direction and still keep those actions from impacting their job and the reputation of the restaurant, but this is not the case with the chef. Ironically, the actions of the chef, like the actions of any manager, are connected by the general public, to the reputation of the restaurant. There is little room for error here. The chef is always an ambassador of the operation.
[] My actions set the tone for the working environment of the kitchen.
As a chef, I am (you are) the role model for others. This is not something that chefs tend to ask for, but it is the fact of the matter. How you treat others, the consistency of your attitude, your grace under fire, your dependability and how you embrace the trust that others want to put in you will be exactly how others will in turn act. You are the parent of the operation – act like it.
[] If I am not trusted then I have nothing.
Unconditional trust is reserved for family members, a spouse, or best friend, but outside of those individuals (and sometimes even they push the limits of trust), individuals only trust actions that are consistent and predictable. Trust needs to be earned every day and can be lost in an instant. If you violate the unwritten pact of trust between co-workers, owners, or the general public then it is extremely difficult to regain it.
[] Mediocrity has no place in the kitchen – ever.
No matter how small or large the task, no matter if it is part of your job description of simply an everyday task that we tend to take for granted – excellence needs to be the goal. Be excellent in how you look, act towards others, how you sharpen your knives, how you organize your coolers, plan menus, train your staff, how you approach the foundations of cooking, build flavors, or stay true to how you care for ingredients, or how each plate looks when it hits the pass – never allow mediocrity to take control.
[] Quality and consistency are the foundations of success.
Quality is the reputation of a chef. Quality is the reputation of the restaurant, and the consistency of that quality is what brings people back and what sets the stage for a chef’s career.
[] If any one of my cooks fails then I have failed as a teacher and mentor.
Keeping in mind that the primary responsibility of a chef is to train and support his or her cooks – if a cook is unable to execute or uncomfortable with the responsibilities assigned, if he or she fails to deliver a dish properly or present menus items as they were designed, it is a representation of how well or poorly the chef addressed training and mentoring. Point the finger at yourself before chastizing others for their mistakes.
“There a billion people in the world who are chronically hungry. There are a billion people in the world who are overweight.”
-Mark Bittman
It’s 4am and I’m awake, actually, I have been for a few hours. This is not an uncommon occurrence for the past decade or so – always too much cluttering my mind. Anyway, I’m enjoying breakfast, my first of three fresh, well-prepared, nutritious meals of the day, sitting next to the radiator in my comfortable home thinking about the day ahead. Maybe it was a result of watching the tragedy in Ukraine unfolding on live television last night, or reflections on my own good fortune, but I just couldn’t get past that feeling of embarrassment for all that I have.
As I sipped on a hot cup of tea, I started to Google some frightening statistics that I was somewhat cognizant of, but suddenly fully away of the have’s and have nots. The opening quote from Mark Bittman – author and New York Times columnist, was a starting point. So, I thought that it might be helpful for all of us, the ones who have a computer or smart phone at the ready to read this article, to pay attention to the dichotomy.
10% of the world lives on less than $2 per day. Sure, I worked hard all my life and earned the comfort of retirement investments and my monthly social security check, but man – $2 per day!
There are 56.1 million – millionaires in the world and 2,800 billionaires. Let that sink in for a minute and then re-read the previous statistic.
The average American spends $3,000/year in some type of restaurant.OK, I shouldn’t complain about this – the restaurant industry allowed me to be where I am and “thank you” for spending your hard-earned money there, but an enormous number of people worldwide will not only never see a restaurant, but they may also not see their next meal of boiled rice for some time.
Two billion people worldwide suffer from some form of malnutrition. Hmmm, that’s 25% of the world’s population. So, when any one of us grumbles about missing a meal or portions a bit too small we need to think about how many people wish that they were in our shoes.
12.5% of American families are food insecure. Wait a minute – this is the richest country in the world, we are one of the top agricultural countries in the world, we have an incredible food distribution system and more restaurants per capita than anywhere else – we couldn’t possibly have that many people wondering about when their next meal will be available. Or could we?
One–third of world food production is wasted, and the figure is the same in the U.S. So, what they are saying is that the food is there, but we simply fail to get it in the hands of the hungry. Really? How could this be? All that food on farms, in grocery stores, and in restaurant coolers, winds up as waste? Yikes! If it doesn’t look quite as pristine, if it has a bruise, or if it is a day or two old – your local grocery store and restaurant is likely to toss it in the trash while one-third of their neighbors are hungry. How could that be? (I take another sip of my tea)
785 million people worldwide do not have access to potable water. Time to start my daily health routine by drinking the first of 6-8 classes of water a day, right before I take a 10-minute shower. I look out my window at the lake below my house, the one I take for granted and suddenly realize how precious that glass of water is.
Here’s a telling statistic: 63 million children worldwide, between the ages of 6-11 will not be able to attend school. Oh, but 525 million people have a college degree – I’m one of them, in fact, I have three degrees. Talk about cause and effect. How is it possible that this many people are unable to have access to a basic advantage?
150 million people worldwide are homeless. I look around my house – it is small but comfortable, sits on ½ an acre of land overlooking a lake, we are able to take good care of it and occasionally change the décor in a room or two, buy new towels for the bathrooms, replace battered china and glassware, and relish the memories of raising three children here and welcoming those grandkids a few times a year. There are 150 million people who are unable to say this. How could this be? Some live in shelters while many simply curl up in an alley and try to get through another day without a roof over their heads. My tea is getting cold now.
As I watch families struggling to leave their homes in Ukraine and find shelter in Poland or Romania, I decide to Google any data on refugees worldwide. According to the Danish Refugee Counsel there are 82 million refugees worldwide – people who are forcibly displaced from their home country (this is a statistic BEFORE the war in Ukraine.) Gulp. 82 million people who only want the basic right to live in their home country and carry on with their lives. They leave jobs, traditions, family, and generations of memories to find safety from oppression. They may very well become part of that homeless population soon. I stare out my window again and give silent thanks for the country where I live, the democracy that we often take for granted, the ability to speak my mind and even point out mistakes and shortcomings of our leaders, and shudder to think what it would be like if all of that was lost.
I drift away for a moment and shake my head about the price of gas when I filled up my car yesterday. The price was over $4/gallon. I searched for price comparisons to other countries: France $8.23, Denmark $9.70, Germany $9.12, Italy $9.08, and this list goes on. Oh, what am I complaining about? How many people in the world will never own a car, let alone find themselves complaining about a gallon of gas.
Anyway, I’m still awake, even more so now. I shake my head and put the kettle on to make another cup of tea. How fortunate am I? How fortunate are we? We have so much opportunity, we have more than we need. My refrigerator is full, my home is comfortable and paid for, I have resources that I saved for 50 years, we are healthy, well-educated, and able to speak our minds. I drink water with reckless abandon, and plan meals with fresh, available ingredients without giving adequate thought to all who are unable to say the same.
This is a world of the have’s and have nots. A world that isn’t fair and seems unable to contemplate what that means. We must take time to understand this and find ways to help rectify the wrongs.
As a former chef and educator, I must do what I am able to do. I spread the word, support organizations like World Central Kitchen, Habitat for Humanity, and UNICEF’s Help for Ukrainian Children, C-CAP, local food pantries, and most importantly never take for granted what I have.
From the ages of 18 to 65 we experience 47 years of life. This is 410,592 hours of breathing. These are typically the years when the average American works to earn a paycheck. If you work a typical 40-hour week (not typical in hospitality careers) that equates to 94,000 hours over 47 years and if you are able to sleep an average of six-hours per night, that’s another 98,700 hours leaving 217,892 hours to do what we choose. How are you going to spend that time?
You could sleep more, spend time in a trance in front of your TV or computer screen, text, read, hike, ride, climb, swim, travel, eat, or simply do nothing, but how much sense does that make? When you look at “time well spent” it might make sense to combine what you do, with the time you have and find a way to make a difference in your life or others. When we punch into life there is always an opportunity to do something that floats your boat and as Steve Jobs once said: “make a dent in the universe.” Once you punch in – how will you spend your precious time?
Now, some may align “making a difference” with professions like doctor, nurse, teacher, statesman, writer, clergy, or motivational speaker, but I want to focus on cooking as a definitive “put a dent in the universe” career. Yes, you heard correctly – cooks and chefs can make a difference.
Put aside the pursuit of profit and the self-gratification derived from expressing yourself and think about the numerous ways that cooks connect the dots, move people in a positive direction, equalize the playing field, or even change other people’s lives.
[] NOURISH THE BODY
Cooks should be aware that how people feel, how active they are, how strong and how resilient they are, as well as how able they are to ward off disease is incredibly dependent on the quality of their diet. Cooks hold the key to all of this whether they are professionals who have chosen the kitchen for their career, or a conscientious home cook dedicated to proper nutrition.
[] NOURISH THE MIND
Our mind’s ability to grow cells and accommodate the enormous amount of information that comes its way in a lifetime has a direct connection to the foods that we eat and how they are prepared. Cooks hold the key to our brain’s capacity.
[] NOURISH THE SOUL
How we connect with others, the warmth of our hearts, our feeling of completeness, the traditions that we cherish, and connections with our history are all aligned directly or indirectly to not just what we eat, but how we share it with others. Cooks have the ability to draw others together in recognition of all that celebrates our collective soul.
[] BRING PEOPLE PHYSICALLY TOGETHER
The neighborhood restaurant and the food it serves represent more than a process of nourishing, it is a destination that brings family, friends, associates, strangers, and business connections together. It is a place where people can put aside their challenges and their differences forming a common bond around food and drink. It is a place where these people can break bread and raise a glass knowing that they have more in common than the surface differences that seem to cloud their existence. Restaurants are a neutral ground where people connect.
[] HELP PEOPLE TO CELEBRATE
There may not be a more important place than a restaurant for celebrating success, lifetime accomplishment, weddings, anniversaries, birthdays, new beginnings, or the end of an era. Whenever these significant events take place – food is almost always the catalyst for cheers and smiles. Cooks are able to play a key role in these life moments.
[] HELP TO TEMPER GRIEF AND DISAPPOINTMENT
How many of us have taken the time to recognize in celebration – a loved one or friend who has come to the end of his or her life. It is food and the work of the cook who helps to temper sadness and open the door to the joy that that person brought to others. Never the centerpiece, but always there in support – food and the cook make a difference.
[] SUPPORT ARTISTIC EXPRESSION
As I have pointed out too many times to count – the cook is both a technician and an artist. As a technician, he or she is charged with understanding process leading to consistency in flavor, texture, and appearance. As an artist the cook is focused on connections with all of the human senses. Where a musician appeals to the sense of sound, the painter the sense of sight, the sculptor the sense of touch, and the parfumier the sense of smell – the cook appeals to them all and adds the sense of taste. There is no more diverse, impactful artist than the cook.
[] RAISE SPIRITS WHEN ALL ELSE FAILS
Finally, the cook and the chef allow us to put aside challenges and seemingly insurmountable problems, to temporarily forget those things that gnaw on our psyche and make us wonder about the fate of the world and for a moment enjoy a bite of food, the good memories associated with a particular dish, the traditions of home and family, and the promise of better days to come.
Yes, making a difference is a goal that we all share. We want our time on this planet to mean something, to put a dent in the universe, and to fulfill us and those around us with a sense of accomplishment. We need to find our place, to know that we have done something with our time. For many of us, this is possible whether we choose to practice medicine, teach, train, protect, communicate, or lead; but as I look at those friends and associates whom I have cooked with, I know that they too have found their place and are making a true difference in people’s lives. To many others, today is all about survival. We are privileged – how will we spend our time? As I watch what chefs like Jose Andres, Ann Cooper, John Folse, and thousands of others worldwide who give through cooking, do, I am able to smile and stand tall knowing that we have found our place in a world that needs as many cooks as it can find.
Are you thinking about owning a restaurant? You are not alone if the thought of putting your name on a restaurant awning has crossed your mind. One of the most tempting forays into entrepreneurship is the restaurant business. How hard can it be – right? Well, you have all heard the statistics about success and failure when food and beverage are involved, so I won’t repeat them. Instead, let’s look at some of the common reasons why restaurants fail (this is only a sampling). If you were to address them all then maybe, just maybe, you can make it work.
[] ASSUMING THAT IT WILL BE EASIER AS AN OWNER
Spoiler alert – nothing could be further from the truth. As hard as you work right now, as many hours as you currently invest in a job, the level of stress that you feel, and the number of challenges that you have faced in the past will only pale in comparison to ownership.
[] NOT UNDERSTANDING HOW TO MEASURE AND COMPARE
It really isn’t hard to know what to do – it has all been done before. You need to lean on the mistakes and successes that others have under their belt and constantly compare where you are to them. There are plenty of organizations that can help, but one that always stands out is the National Restaurant Association. Tap into their resources for excellent benchmarks of performance.
[] WORKING WITHOUT A BUDGET
Seriously, why would you ever jump into the deep end unless you had a plan and real-life measurements that serve as a roadmap? The more often you budget and measure the better you will get at it. Again, turn to the National Restaurant Association for guidance.
[] PRICING YOUR MENU BY COMPARISON
What is always shocking to me is how many restaurateurs, intelligent people, determine their selling prices by looking at their competition and trying to replicate what they do, or underprice them thinking that this is the answer to growing a business. These are the restaurateurs who call me up and ask: “My dining room is full, why am I not making any money?”
[] NOT UNDERSTANDING HOW TO PLAN EFFECTIVE MENUS
More often than not – the success of your restaurant begins with effective menu planning, proper pricing, and consistent execution. Yep, it really is much easier than you think, yet………….
[] FAILING TO IMPLEMENT ESSENTIAL CONTROLS
Every business requires controls in pricing, consistency, quality, and cash handling. All of the tools are available for inventory control, purchasing systems, cash handling, costing templates, and quality assessment. Use them!
[] NOT ESTABLISHING STANDARDS
Develop your standards, teach your standards, execute your standards, measure your standards, and solicit feedback on how those standards sit with customers, vendors, and staff. Once established – do not sacrifice what you have invested the time in developing.
[] FAILING TO INVEST IN TRAINING
Training ALWAYS pays back in dividends. Train to your standards and be very clear. Every employee needs to be trained and most relish the opportunity to learn and get better at what they do. This is absolutely essential.
[] NOT HAVING A CLEAR CONCEPT
If you are not clear on what your restaurant is all about, how your menu works, and how you relay those messages then how could you expect anyone else to understand?
[] FAILING TO UNDERSTAND SOCIAL MEDIA
Plain and simple – social media IS YOUR MOST IMPORTANT PLATFORM FOR COMMUNICATION. This is what everyone pays attention to. Ads in your local newspaper are more about showing that you support that paper rather than a tremendously effective way of communicating with the public. Social media is very inexpensive, but someone needs to effectively manage it every day and every way. Your website, Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter accounts need to be up-to-date and fed constantly. In some cases, not just daily but multiple times during the day. Make sure your messaging is clear, photos are high quality, and ensure that they connect with your standards of excellence.
[] NOT EMPHASIZING THE BASICS
This has been the same since the first restaurant opened its door centuries ago: hot food hot, cold food cold; consistency is king; service with a smile; recover quickly from your mistakes; make sure the table is level; sparkling clean bathrooms; spotless glassware, china, and flatware; remember return customer names; etc.
[] TRUSTING BEFORE IT’S EARNED
This is business and in business trust must be earned. Don’t assume anything until your experience proves that it is warranted. Build those standards in so that your basis of trust is communicated very clearly to all involved and then measure trust based on how well everyone adheres to those standards.
[] NOT UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF PROFESSIONALISM
Regardless of your concept and your price point, professionalism should have a home in your restaurant. How everyone cares for their grooming, their uniform, their attitude, their hospitality persona; the way they treat each other and the respect they show for the ingredients they use; how honest they are and how they care for the space and equipment they use is all part of that professionalism package.
[] NOT KNOWING LABOR LAW
Oh boy, entrepreneurs that fail to understand the labor laws in their respective state are in for a big surprise. Rates of pay, overtime rules, payroll procedures, hostile work environments, equality in employment, and any form of discrimination will lead to real unpleasant and expensive outcomes.
[] FAILING TO MANAGE THE DOOR AND RESERVATIONS
“The kitchen is slow tonight”. “Tensions are high.” “Service is off.” “Everyone is in the weeds.” You know the drill; we have all been there before. There might be a multitude of reasons, but one that consistently stands out is poor door management. Letting too many guests in at once, flooding the dining room and over-taxing servers will quickly lead to the same challenge in the kitchen. This is when things start to fall apart. Pacing reservations and slowing down the seating of guests will keep the rhythm in order and leave everyone further away from the edge of the cliff. This is a front-of-the-house art – learn it!
[] NOT MANAGING CASH FLOW
Food, beverage, and labor cost percentages mean very little if money is going out faster than it is coming in. An astute accounting department is one that manages this flow to keep everything in balance.
[] NOT HAVING A HANDLE ON SOLID COMMUNICATION
Ask nearly any employee, in any business: “What is the biggest problem in the business where you work?” Chances are pretty good the answer will be: “Communication.” It’s either insufficient, inaccurate, poorly timed, or conflicting. Learn to be as transparent and timely with your communication and make sure that it is accurate and the same, no matter who is delivering the message.
[] NOT PARTNERING WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
You, of course want to make sure that your staff and customers are safe and that you are doing everything to protect their health. It is important to know that the Department of Health is there to help you do just that. Don’t wait for that annual surprise visit – engage them, respect them, communicate with them, ask them questions, and make them a partner in your standards.
[] NOT HAVING A NEST EGG TO FALL BACK ON
Guess what? Things will go sideways. The economy will dip at times. Weather is inconsistent and somewhat unpredictable. Employees will leave suddenly. A new restaurant will open up and lure your customers away. And there will be another pandemic at some point in time. If you are living from week to week, hoping that enough cash will flow through your operation to keep you afloat, then any one of those challenges will open the door to failure. Stash money for a rainy day. Save, save, save. Make sure your relationship with your bank is strong and arrange for a line of credit to fall back on when needed. Plan for challenges – it is critical.
[] NOT UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF HOSPITALITY
In the end, the quality of food you offer is important, the technical service you provide is essential, the prices you charge will attract or push certain customers away, but it is your sincere, friendly, warm hospitality that creates customer loyalty. It is your kindness, empathy, and positivity that attracts and retains good employees. Never lose sight of the importance of this.
From first-in, first-out in the walk-in cooler to how you fold side towels and where your knives are placed – it is organization that allows a kitchen to run efficiently and keeps the mood and pace of the restaurant in sync. To some, it may seem less significant, but to seasoned professionals – this is the truth of the kitchen. To the novice it may appear the cooks and chefs are plagued by OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) but let me be clear: a kitchen without this level of organization will revert to chaos and chaos never wins in the long run.
When a kitchen exudes calm, even when the amount of food prep and the stress of the moment seem over-the-top, it is always a result of organization and attention to detail. Spend time in such a kitchen and you will note how pervasive this attention to detail is. It goes way beyond the typical thoughts about mise en place, it extends much further than having your prep in order, organization becomes a way of life that permeates every detail of a cook’s work and life. When a kitchen is this organized, cooks practice detailed organization without even thinking about it. In fact, you will oftentimes find that this organization extends into their personal lives as well. Attention to detail cannot be turned on and off, so how a cook organizes his or workstation in the restaurant is how he or she will organize their home kitchen, their clothes, books, records, and food supplies. It becomes natural – how he or she lives.
The kitchen is a thing of beauty and intense structure when organization is the rule of thumb. Plating salads for a large group – all the plates are lined up perfectly and ingredients placed in the exact same spot on each plate. Storerooms and coolers are organized so that containers are all pointed in the same direction with labels facing out, sauté pans at a line cooks station are stacked with the handles facing in the same direction, and a cook’s production list is written either in order of work to be done, or in terms of the amount of time each task requires. Throughout the kitchen – this is the rule of thumb: everything has an order, a place, and a time that everyone adheres to.
In the dining room, the same attention to organization must be prevalent. How tables are set, what order is used, in some cases measuring the distance from the edge of the table to the bottom of forks, knives, and spoons; lining up glassware with a taut string to ensure equidistance, where each type of backup glassware and plate is stored, a specific location for pens, candles, salt and pepper shakers, napkins, and menus – it is essential that everything is placed exactly where it should be so that each person can depend on that structure. Lost moments looking for anything out of place is not only inefficient, but also a prime source of frustration.
Orders are always taken in a certain order at the table, entered into the point of sale in that same order, and then delivered with the expectation that each server followed the rules of engagement. If a tray is used, plates are placed on the tray in the order that they will be delivered to guests at that table. It is a synchronized process that leads to consistent, predictable results. Front and back of the house demand this organization if the end result is a smooth operation and happy guest.
Back to the kitchen – if you were to record the workings of a team of line cooks and put the video to music, it would be a symphony that made the connection – not improvisational jazz, pop, or rap. Each cook depends on the next to follow the pre-determined steps, in order, and in sync with the timing orchestrated by the expeditor. The left hand always knows what the right hand is doing. A pivot step from the sauté cook is met with the same from the grill, the center person is strategically placing the vegetable, starch, and sauce on the plate at the same moment as the expeditor waits to adjust a fresh herb, wipe the plate rim, and step aside for the server to pick-up an order while it is at the peak of freshness. It is majestic, inspiring, and almost effortless when organization is the rule that everyone follows.
When a chef talks about those minute details of placement, process, timing, and uniformity – keep in mind what the intended result will be. Chefs work from the end placement backward in establishing those standards – it is quite possibly the most important thing that a professional chef can do. Hire people with the capacity and set the standards of organization that everyone must buy into. Never underestimate just how important this is for the guest, for the demeanor of those who work in the kitchen, for the communication between front and back-of-the-house, and for the success of the restaurant.
You walk through those kitchen doors one more time, straighten your white coat, roll up the sleeves and tie on a starched white apron. A quick adjust on that skull cap, wash your hands, and slide a cutting board in place. Your knives are always sharp, but you run the blades down a steel just the same, sanitize the edge and line up your station for another day of work. You address everything like a surgeon ready for the operating table knowing that all items have a place, and everything must be in its place. This is how a professional begins, this is how you were trained, this is how you pay respect to the profession that you have chosen.
Sure, there are cooks who have not been given the opportunity to learn the proper way to work, the established steps that define proper cooking technique, or know the history behind the job and the foods that you are about to prepare – but you do. You feel fortunate, even though not every aspect of the job is glamorous or even exciting; you know that everything is important in the long run. Now it’s time to get to work.
Some people just don’t know. You shake off those comments from last night’s meeting with a few friends outside of the restaurant business, friends who shared those years in high school or college: an engineer, a forever student finishing medical school, an accountant, and a teacher. It was that biting comment, the condescending one that portrayed “pity” on you for not pursing a “real career”. The arrogance, the tasteless jokes, the lack of understanding about what a cook or a chef does.
“When are you going to get a real job, one with a promising future?”
How dare they demean the career that you have chosen. It’s the same misunderstanding that is evident in how your parents still shake their heads and wonder why you are wasting your time. It really starts to wear on you. At times you are hurt and other times angry as hell. Screw them! But then there are those moments when you wonder if they are right. It’s hard to focus and get started on the mountain of work in front of you. You try to shake it off, but the feeling keeps eating away at your psyche. You set down your knives, wash your hands again, grab a cup of coffee and knock on the chef’s office door.
“Chef, can I talk with you for a moment?”
The chef, a man you respect, a person in his late forties who has a long history of working in some spectacular restaurants, a person who seems to have it together – removes his glasses, sets them on the desk and says:
“Have a seat, what’s up?”
You close the door, settle into a chair, take off your hat and sigh.
“Chef, what am I doing here?”
You proceed to tell him the whole story. Your stress, questioning your decision to become a cook, wonder as to how long it will take to reach the position that he holds, lack of support and understanding from your friends and family, and sudden lack of confidence as a result. The chef listens intently, nods on occasion, takes a sip of his coffee and clears his throat. After a long minute he looks me in the eye and begins:
“Let me tell you a few things that I think are important. What you are feeling right now is real and how you sift through those feelings will determine where you go from here and how you will view your personal value.
Every hard-working person has a moment of doubt. They doubt their abilities, their choices, and their direction. Like most people I know – they want to make a difference. It is part of the grand design, that part that questions: ‘why am I here?’ I had that moment a long time ago, and there are still occasions when I look in a mirror and re-address those concerns.
Let me tell you this: cooking is one of the noblest professions on the planet. It allows the cook to satisfy one of the most basic needs – hunger, but at the same time it is one of the most significant expressions of caring and sharing that any person can offer. Cooking is a line of communication that opens your heart and soul to others, a chance to share in the culture and traditions that are part of your background, and a way to say – here is a part of me. Cooking is important and cooks are essential to society. Beyond this, a professional cook is a highly intelligent ambassador of a profession that requires an understanding of history, psychology, math, science, and an appreciation for the human spirit. There are few other professions that are so comprehensive. As an art form, cooking appeals to every human sense: sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste – what other art form can boast this?
For those who falsely label what you do as less than significant – invite them to join you in our kitchen for a day. Have them tie on an apron and just watch the motion, accuracy, intensity, passion, and art and have them feel the heat, the sore muscles, and the impending danger around every corner. Make sure that they watch the poetry of motion on the line during service; the orchestration by the expeditor, the chain of command that requires a ‘yes chef’ response, and the meticulous detail as each cook assembles a dish with the finesse of a promising painter. I guarantee that their dialogue will change – they simply do not understand the heart and soul of the cook, the ‘all-in’ mentality that is required of every person who knows that this profession has chosen them.
I want you to think about this. You have it all – the desire, the passion, the skill, and the commitment to make a difference – one plate at a time and don’t ever let anyone take that away from you. Question what you do – it is natural and important, but know that cooking is a joy, a gift, and a calling. You have it.”
I lifted my head, smiled, adjusted my hat, shook the chef’s hand, and said: “thank you.” Time to get back to work in the kitchen – the place where I am meant to be.
Well, some may not agree with this article, but I felt compelled to point out some observations over the past few years. I have held myself hostage to some of the martyr reflections that have permeated the business of kitchens for decades. These beliefs have taken control of the minds and hearts of many cooks and chefs. It is certainly a tough business. It is physically, mentally, and emotionally draining at times, the hours can be brutal, and the pay and benefits never seem to match up. However, I look around and see many other professions with similar challenges: nurses, doctors, engineers, firefighters, EMT’s, law enforcement, research scientists, steel workers, and the list goes on and on. The major difference is that those professions (for the most part) are not as inclined to create angry podcasts and exaggerated tv shows, write isles of books, dominate blogs and magazines, and stand on a soapbox to let the world know how hard they work. We do.
This is not to take away from the challenges that we face from the level of cook through executive chef, but it did make me wonder why we proclaim our challenges and either go back for more or leave a trail of discontent. It made me wonder if maybe, just maybe, those who choose a life in the kitchen somehow secretly enjoy the challenges and the pain. Maybe, just like the adrenaline that pushes us through another busy night on the line, we find comfort in the “business of hard knocks”.
It’s an interesting thought – “cooks feast on overload”. Maybe this is the fuel that we seek, the gratification that comes from pushing ourselves too far and doing so without a safety net. It’s kind of like the weightlifter who jumps into a cross-fit regimen, or the runner that decides to train for a triathlon. Outsiders look at the uncomfortable pain that these physical fitness advocates put themselves through and marvel, but wonder “why” at the same time. Aren’t we doing the same thing in the kitchen?
I know a few cross-fit advocates who psych themselves up for their next session, dreading what is to come but pumped to jump in. They finish a session drained, sore, and exhausted, talking about how the program is crazy and brutal and they shouldn’t do it, but then proceed to talk to others about it with a strange type of enthusiasm. Sounds like chefs and cooks – doesn’t it?
We profess to want the restaurant business to change, to help us build balance into our lives, yet at the same time we speak to those starting out as if what we continue to do is “the way it is” and something to be proud of. The pain of overload is a badge of courage. So, the question is – do we really want it to change that much? What if working in a restaurant kitchen was more user-friendly, predictable, comforting, empathetic, and supportive – how would we feel then?
It’s interesting to consider, isn’t it? There is little question that the restaurant business needs to change. Life/work balance is important at some level, and fair compensation is a must, but what part of the “kitchen overload environment” are we not willing to give up? Maybe it’s a generational thing and younger folks might have a better perspective on what commitment to job means. Maybe older generations never came to grips with what life outside the kitchen means. But I find it fascinating that there is this dichotomy and that we seem to have a love affair with telling our story using every possible outlet available. Hey, I write this blog that focuses on the trials, tribulations, joys, wins, and losses associated with working in professional kitchens – so I have bought in lock, stock, and barrel.
Is this life of challenges, unpredictability, physical, emotional, and mental stress somehow attractive because of this? What happens if we take away much of what makes kitchen life seem untenable? I’m sure that there are many who would applaud this type of change – a shift to a more reasonable work environment – one that can provide a more predictable and steady life outside the range, but I wonder if there are just as many who would find the new environment boring. I just don’t know.
Whenever I get together with some of my friends from past kitchen teams we immediately engage in stories of the “good old days”, as if we survived and are somehow better chefs as a result. Whenever I addressed a class of culinary students it was always the stories of “hard knocks and crazy work environments” that peaked their attention. I wonder if the same occurs in medical school, nursing school, the police academy, engineering classes, and the like. My quite extensive collection of culinary books includes at least four dozen by chefs who reminisce and lament their time in the kitchen and offer their share of war stories for everyone to nod in agreement or shake their head in disbelief. It is an industry of people who enjoy looking back and proclaiming: “I survived”. I wonder, is this normal or are chefs and cooks an anomaly?
Anyway, this is not an article to admonish those of us who take the time to reflect “out loud”, write our stories, embellish on our experiences, or even complain about how hard the work is – it is simply an observation and a question without a clear answer: “Do cooks and chefs feast on overload”?
Food for thought.
PLAN BETTER – TRAIN HARDER Keep telling your stories
March 9 was National Dish Washer Day. I’m not sure who decided that this declaration be made, but for those of us in the restaurant business – it is so appropriate. I have long proclaimed that the dish washer was the most important position in the kitchen – even more important than the chef. If you doubt my belief – think about this:
If a line cook calls out – we simply spread the work out among those who are present. We grumble and curse, we step up the pace and show our anger on our face, but we get by.
A server doesn’t show up, we adjust the station chart and maybe change the timing at the door, but we figure it out.
If the chef doesn’t show up for some reason, there are those who might even cheer. At the very least, we know that the work right in front of us won’t change. We dig in an get by.
The dishwasher doesn’t show up and the place falls apart. As much as some may tend to pass off this position as unskilled in comparison to cooks, no one else wants to do this physically demanding, oftentimes thankless job that everyone takes for granted until the person fails to show up.
I rest my case.
On this day of recognition, and for that matter every day that we turn on the kitchen lights, let’s rethink how we view the position and look at the facts:
The best food will never be received well on a less than sparkling plate.
The most expensive wine with rave reviews from Robert Parker and the Wine Spectator will fail to impress if there are spots on that Riedl stemware.
How frustrating would it be if that stacked china ready for plating was spotted or chipped?
How frustrated would a line cook be if he or she had to clean their own sauté pans after every use?
How much more difficult would your job as a cook be if every pot or pan that you picked up were slick with grease or caked with yesterday’s burnt mirepoix?
How beautiful is a kitchen that sparkles?
How fluid is a kitchen when the cooks and dishwasher are in sync?
And maybe most importantly: How many professional cooks got their start by working in the dish pit – the place where they received their first taste of kitchen life and suddenly knew that this was the career for them? How many chefs owe their appreciation for building a team to starting their careers at the age of sixteen – diving for pearls and stacking steaming hot plates?
The rhythm of the kitchen is closely tied to the work and efficiency that is present in the dish area. Why do we place so much value on the organization and professionalism of cooks and chefs, but forget how this must apply to the dish area as well? Why do we sometimes treat dish washers as commodities – interchangeable and easily replaceable parts, when their role is so critical to the success of the restaurant (front and back of the house)? On this day of recognition and every day that follows we might want to re-think how we approach this essential position.
Think about this:
The most expensive piece of equipment in kitchens is the dishwashing machine. Who is responsible for this machine? The dish washer!
One of the hidden painful costs of operating a kitchen comes from the cost of chemicals used in the dish area. Who is in control of this? Who can make a difference through efficient use of the machine and the process of washing dishes? The dish washer!
By far one of the most expensive inventories in a kitchen is china, glassware, and flatware. Who is responsible for this? The dish washer!
Who has one of the most impactful relationships with restaurant employees (front and back of the house)? The dish washer!
What employee is constantly viewed as “low man on the totem pole”, paid the lowest possible wage, ignored until they get behind, and passed off as non-essential by many? The dish washer!
It’s time to change attitudes.
Here are some great rules to live by when it comes to dishwashers:
[] Hire great attitudes.
[] Pay a fair wage and offer ample opportunities to scale up every few months.
[] Provide a clean, crisp uniform that parallels what you offer your cooks.
[] Make sure new dish washers are properly oriented and trained. Introduce them to every cook and server, and every manager and sous chef as an essential member of your team.
[] Feed them well, give them breaks.
[] Teach your cooks how to properly scrape and stack pots and pans in the dish area. Treat the dish washer with respect.
[] Discipline any employee who fails to treat the dish washer with respect.
[] Involve the dish washer in your staff meetings and give he or she an opportunity to express themselves.
[] Provide opportunities for dish washers to learn about cooking (if they express an interest). Show them the way to move up.
[] As a chef, when dish washers arrive at work – welcome them, shake their hand, and at the end of the shift – thank them for a good day’s work.
[] If the dish washer gets backed up, in the weeds, jump in to help, or have a line cook give a hand if they are free.
[] When trying out new menu items – allow the dish washer to be part of your tasting panel.
[] Give the dish washer some added responsibilities and let everyone know that they are in charge. Make them the sanitation lead in the kitchen – maybe even in charge of HACCP logs, etc.
A sous chef who worked with me once stated that I should just constantly hire dish washers if any show up looking for a job. “You may not need them today, but you will tomorrow.” Maybe, just maybe, the rule of thumb should be: “Treat those dish washers like they are important, and they might just stay with you for quite some time. These individuals might be a chef or owner someday.”
It is something quite hard to explain – a fascination, a bit of fear, a desire, something to marvel at, and even something to try and control. It is at the core of what every cook does, the most essential ingredient, the key to releasing unlimited varieties of flavor, the one ingredient that determines a person’s ability to cook, the mysterious component that separates a kitchen from the rest of the world – heat.
There is a point in time when a person finds him or herself staring at that dancing flame of blue, yellow, and white and decides to step into the exciting world of heat and try to learn how it might be controlled. To be a cook, after all, is to spend a lifetime learning how to control the somewhat uncontrollable. Of course, we have tools to help us tame the beast, to place limits on what the flame and its heat attempt to do, but the cook always knows that at any given moment that flame will break free and do what it wants. It’s like riding a wild horse, the rider or the cook can never disconnect, never fail to pay attention, and never assume that he or she has everything under control. Cooks spend their careers trying to tame the flame.
One of the goals of a professional cook is to gain control and never let go. Cooks learn quickly to respect heat for its potential and its wonders. The flame and the heat that it creates is a symbol of the danger that lurks in a kitchen, yet it is a danger that must be faced if cooking is to take place. From that first moment that a cook holds a knife in his or her hand and approaches the range a world of opportunity comes into view. So much can happen when the ingredient of heat becomes a partner with the cook.
Cooks and chefs know that flavor not only comes from an individual ingredient, the seasoning used, or the combination of ingredients that work together; flavor comes from the process of applying heat in a certain way for a specific amount of time. It is this partnership with heat that allows a novice to become a master.
Low and slow allows the muscle to breakdown, the fat in meat to render and flavor a dish, and additional ingredients to gradually impart their flavor contribution. At first the meat resists, tightening and eventually giving way to the comfort that low and slow offers. Eventually, the muscle gives in and becomes one with the heat.
On the grill a different cut of meat is attacked by the intense blue and golden yellow flames that feast on the dripping fat and surround it through caramelization, the Maillard Reaction that converts protein into sugar – imparting a unique flavor that can only exist when the flame becomes one with the ingredient. It produces umami, or the taste of savory that is mouthwatering, rich, and immensely satisfying.
The sauté cook may have the most difficult challenge of controlling heat. Pans must be very hot, sizzling hot, scorching hot if any ingredient added to the pan is to properly sear, caramelize and dance without sticking. Heat provides the ultimate non-stick surface if managed correctly. The cook spent hours seasoning the pan by super heating it, rubbing the interior with kosher salt, heating it again, and polishing the surface making sure that it is ready. There is an understanding that the pan is a vehicle for heat transfer and the vehicle must be maintained properly. The cook knows when the pan is right – it sounds a certain way when those ingredients hit its polished surface. If it doesn’t sound right, then proper cooking will be compromised. He or she knows that once the ingredients are removed it will be crucial to bring the fond, or remaining essence in the pan, to just a few seconds before it burns and then deglaze with wine, citrus, liquor, or stock to create the basis for a pan sauce. If it goes too far the sauce will taste burnt, if not far enough then the flavor derived from a sear or sauté will not develop. When that splash of wine or liquor hits the fond, the cook lifts one edge of the pan 20 or 30 degrees to accept the flame and burn off excess alcohol. The cook is always inviting the flame and its heat to try and take control but then tames it sufficiently to keep it in check. It is an art that takes time to master.
Pushing the pan forward slightly and then pulling it back just as quickly will tease ingredients to take flight and then catch the pan on their way back down. Ingredients seem to dance in the pan at the hand of a cook in charge of the heat. Oh, but don’t for one second think that the cook is the master of heat or the flame. If he takes his eyes off the pan or fails to respect the flame, then the flame will gain control again. It is a constant battle for control.
The fry cook is focus on a vat of 375-degree fat that sits comfortably waiting to receive an ingredient that will immerse and fight to retain its identity, only to quickly give way to the attack that will ensue. The cook knows what the hot fat will like and what it will resist. Water and fat do not mix, so any trace of water on ingredients will result in 375-degree heated oil sling shot towards the cooks’ hands, arms, or face. It’s as if the heated oil is shouting – no you don’t! the ingredient quickly gives in to the comfort of caramelization as the vegetable, breaded or battered protein, or skin takes in the flavor and accepts a new texture as a result.
On the line there is a relentless battle with flames and heat as cooks sear, char, boil, broil, roast, braise, fry, poach and melt before a completed dish comes into being and finds a home in the pass. There is a cacophony of sound, a complex blending of aroma, and a blending of both that find their roots in flame and heat. In the meantime, cooks are battling the ill effects of heat on their own bodies. Sweat pours down their back and forms on their brow. Hot pan handles are always tempting bare hands to “grab on”, but the cook is seasoned enough to resist. Flames burning off the alcohol in sauté pans are always hoping to burn off the hair on arms to eyelashes that dare to get too close. Finishing a shift without damage is an accomplishment for a line cook.
In the back of the kitchen – the baker is working a different kind of magic, a different level of control over “heat”. For those artisan sourdough breads, the oven hearth must be a perfect temperature with the right amount of steam injected at the right time to develop the wonderful crust and caramel color desired. Pastries and cakes address the oven just in time to get the right amount of spring from their leavening agents, and simple syrups and crème anglaise heat gradually on stove tops till the viscosity is perfect or the egg yolks bind with cream for a rich sauce or base for house made ice cream. The baker is a master of heat control, but still subservient to the fluctuations that occur when the oven door is opened, the steam injected, or the open flame develops a mind of its own.
If the baker is daring enough to bake in a woodfired oven, then all bets are off. The coals from a perfectly heated oven will transition the dome to pure white when it reaches around 1,000 degrees – way too hot for bread. The baker must rake the coals from the oven, clean the hearth, wait until the oven cools to 500 degrees or a bit less, add steam, and peel the breads directly on to the stone hearth. Managing the heat to stay at or below the 500-degree threshold is only possible with ample experience tending fires.
It is fire and heat that attracts young cooks, it is the fire that humbles us all while we learn the ropes, and it is the on-going quest to control the fire and not have the fire control us, that keeps a chef growing and on his or her toes.
I would assume that many chefs who read this article – at least the ones from my generation have reflected on where they are, what they have done, and what they are still able to do. I also assume that, like me, you have entertained lofty ideas of your ability to “do it all over again” with the same energy as you did a few decades earlier. There is something about aging that we all want to resist – at least mentally.
We read the articles and listen to chefs and restaurateurs desperate to fill positions of line cook, sous chef, chef, manager, etc. and quietly think to ourselves: “I could do that again.” After many years of working in kitchens, leading operations, managing departments, problem-solving, planning, directing, and listening we know that we have the skills – so maybe it would make sense to jump back in the game. Whenever these feelings rise to the surface, I try to think about the lyrics from an old song by the group Little Feat:
“You know that you’re over the hill when your mind makes a promise that your body can’t fill”
How true it is. The often-used belief that working in a professional kitchen is a “young person’s game” is very true. There are many aspects of the work that require the physical strength and stamina, the speed, and the capacity to challenge adrenaline, that are hard to come by after your 50’s or 60’s.
You watch those young line cooks stepping quickly from one task to another, bouncing on their feet while managing multiple sauté pans or a char grill filled with steaks and chops moving towards different degrees of doneness, clicking their tongs in anticipation of the next wave of orders from the expeditor, and able to differentiate multiple methods of cooking and unique flavor profiles for hours on end and you shake your head with a feeling of respect. Sure, you know all of those preparations, probably better than any line cook; you have a palate that may be as or even more sophisticated than his or hers, and you have certainly put thousands more hours behind the range than they have, but that physical stamina and mental quickness are not what they once were. You breathe out and shake your head again knowing that as much as you try to convince yourself, those jobs are not part of your portfolio anymore.
Like me, you want to jump in and help that restaurant solve their challenges. You want to personally address the dilemma of not enough people to do the work and show everyone how it is done, but alas, that will not come to pass – this is not how you can help.
OK, so don’t feel depressed, this is not the time to sit in a rocking chair and wait for the end of time to knock on your door. Push aside what you are no longer able to do and realize what you are able to do at a level that only those decades of experience can bring about. That line cook may be able to work faster, organize multiple tasks better, and tap into that adrenaline far better than you, but they still lack the experience to plan, create, coach, and problem-solve like you. You have been there, done that and as a result have ample good, bad, and ugly experiences to know what needs to be done. You have the ability to anticipate and make adjustments before a challenge becomes a problem and as such far better prepared to adapt.
Age is a funny thing; it is unforgiving in many respects and comforting in others. For a chef it simply means that we must modify what we do, how we do it, and how we promote our professional value. Stop for just a moment and reflect on your experiences, how much your base of knowledge has grown over the years, how your approach towards challenges has matured, and how others view what you have to offer. William Holden said it very succinctly:
“Aging is an inevitable process. I surely wouldn’t want to grow younger. The older you become, the more you know; your bank account of knowledge is much richer.”
Aging becomes a problem for chefs when they continue to think that their value is the same as it was 20 or 30 years prior. The problem for employers of aging chefs is that they often try to view the role of that person in the same way they did during the early days of their career. It’s time for both parties to re-think what age and experience can bring to the table. Age is only a deterrent if you believe that it is.
So, what does a senior chef, even one who is retired, bring to the table? Where does their value lie and how can they help a struggling industry right now? Here are a few thoughts:
[] THE TEACHING STORYTELLER:
Whether it is a classroom or on the job – true teachers are storytellers and storytelling prowess comes from a lifetime of experience. People remember stories far better than facts or directives. It is those priceless stories that come from “been there, done that” that help young cooks understand the “why”.
[] THE REFLECTIVE, CONFIDENT PROBLEM SOLVER:
Whatever the challenge is – experience can come to the rescue. Food cost is way too high – the senior chef has faced that problem numerous times. He or she knows where to look, where the source of the problem may lie. An employee is constantly late or lacks the personal motivation to do a consistently good job – the senior chef will likely seek the cause rather than simply lash out or give up on a person. The line is getting overwhelmed with orders from the dining room and the system is about to collapse – the senior chef knows how to calm the players and help reason to take the place of reaction.
[] THE STRATEGIC RISK TAKER:
An owner is faced with the need for drastic change or is contemplating expansion into a new market – the young chef is oftentimes quick to say, “go for it”, while the senior chef will take the time to research, analyze risk, and find an approach that is more comfortable for all involved. Risk is fine as long as there is a greater chance of success than failure – something that experience brings to the table.
[] THE TRAINER AND COACH:
The younger chef is sometimes quick to show frustration when the team seems unable to meet his or her expectations – the senior chef knows that the team will only function at its potential if there is a plan and an effective training program in place to help everyone get on the same page. Senior chefs are less likely to assume and more adept at guiding a process and the people involved in that process.
[] THE ROLE MODEL AND CONFIDANT:
Every kitchen thrives when the chef is a role model of professionalism, a steady ship’s captain who sets very high standards, teaches and trains, shows empathy along the way, praises and equitably uses constructive critique, and looks and acts the part of a leader. Senior chefs (not all of them, but many) have made enough mistakes in this regard to understand how to avoid those same mistakes in the future.
[] THE MENTOR AND AMBASSADOR:
Younger chefs are very busy and quite driven. As a result, they are oftentimes impatient – expecting everyone to excel and focus on his or her vision. Senior chefs can bring a different perspective to the table – as a mentor the senior chef seeks to build up young cooks, show them the way, share experiences, and shape those cooks for a long future in the business. As a result, the senior chef is an ambassador for the business as one that invests in people.
[] THE PATIENT VOICE OF REASON:
With age comes a different level of patience. There is no shortage of triggers that can set a chef off in reactionary mode, but the senior chef is able to temper those reactions by listening, reflecting, inquiring, and acting rather than reacting. This patience can save an operation from designation as a hostile work environment or an unstable kitchen that is not a place where cooks want to work.
Yes, we are a bit slower on the draw, less able to stand on our feet for 12-hours a day, and hard put to give up a balanced life for the constant demands of a typical kitchen, but we can offer so much more than our younger selves, we have depth through experience.
It’s 2:00 in the morning and as is all too often the case lately – I am unable to sleep. There is no shortage of stress nowadays, but for me, unlike the stress that I felt as a chef in my prime – the stress is not related to business volume, staffing, unpredictable vendors, and budgetary pressure. Today’s stress is far more significant – it is stress over the state of our industry as a whole, our democracy, and the wellbeing of the world where we live.
As much as this blog is focused on what is right in front of cooks, chefs, and restaurateurs every day, it is impossible to do so in a vacuum. The old management adage that you should “leave your problems at home when you come to work”, is ridiculous – I don’t know anyone who can do that, especially when the consequences of those problems are so grave.
I keep flipping back to on-line news services to follow the Russian invasion of Ukraine – a proud country of kind people with a deep-seated wonderful culture who have done nothing to provoke the wrath of a superpower except to choose to be free and democratic. We (all of us) cannot ignore their plight, and we must not forget history. This playbook was used before and its outcome impacts all of us at some level. Just like the virus that we continue to battle, this aggressive attack on freedom will spread if left unchecked. We simply cannot just turn back to our jobs of creating delicious food for those who can afford it while all of this is going on. We simply cannot put the challenges that the world faces aside while we do our work.
Everything and everyone are connected – it is the nature of a system. One person’s suffering will eventually impact even the most fortunate. Ukraine’s stability and free future will impact every other country and every other person from Europe to Asia, and the Middle East to the Americas. There is no separation – when one suffers, we all suffer.
Whether it is collectively doing our part to bring the pandemic to closure; finding ways to help feed, clothe, and find shelter for those in need; establish a fair and honest system of education that opens the door to equal opportunity; working to push aside hate; rising up to protect truth; protecting the democratic process; or crushing those pockets of evil in the world – we must pay attention and do something. It is not possible to ignore all that is going on and simply shrug our shoulders and say: “it is, what it is”.
As cooks we do provide a release for people, a way to breathe in the air of calm that a great meal can provide; create an environment for friends, family, and even foes to break bread and raise a glass in solidarity and comfort the soul. But is it enough? What else can we do to address the bigger picture?
Before we are cooks, we are people of the earth, friends and neighbors, citizens and ambassadors, caring people who hopefully want others to simply be free. I am reminded of the song (now ancient unless you are over the age of 50) by the group the Rascals:
PEOPLE GOT TO BE FREE
“All the world over, so easy to see People everywhere just wanna be free Listen, please listen, that’s the way it should be There’s peace in the valley, people got to be free”
As simple as that – this is what people want and need. Free to be themselves, free to practice their religion, free to find a well-balanced education, free to provide food, shelter, and clothing for their families, and free to move about without the threat of power hungry, hateful leaders. Whatever your profession – you cannot ignore this reality. It is what you want, what Ukrainians want, what every person on the face of the earth wants. Isn’t it ironic that this is exactly what the American Constitution was written to support? We must pay attention and do what we can, even if it’s a small gesture. To ignore our role in this system is to disrespect the life that we have been given.
The health of our restaurant industry depends on the health of all parts of the system. Yes, Ukraine’s fight for freedom impacts the restaurant where you work. Yes, bringing the pandemic to a close through a unified effort impacts the restaurant where you work. Yes, the ability of all people to relish the basics of life, to survive, impacts your restaurant. And yes, the environmental health of our planet certainly impacts the restaurant where you work.
Here are some thoughts for cooks, chefs, and restaurateurs:
[] Support World Central Kitchen – Chef Jose Andres’ organization that unifies cooks and chefs around the world wherever people are struggling to find food because of a disaster. His organization is already in Ukraine and surrounding countries that are accepting refugees from this oppressive situation. You may not be able to physically find a way to cook with him when disaster strikes, but you can give – even the smallest amount to help support these efforts. Whether it’s $10 or $100 – it all helps. https://wck.org/
[] Talk about world issues with your peers and do so from a position of knowing the facts. Read a newspaper, listen to the experts, learn to trust a source that believes in telling the story even more than offering their opinion. Take the time to learn and digest the challenges that others in the system face.
[] Support your local food pantries. Maybe even volunteer once a month to help cook a meal for those who are unable to provide for themselves. Care about those who are food insecure and those who are homeless. A hot meal goes a long way to showing you care and helping to take away someone’s stress.
[] Put aside personal opinions about pandemic protocols and do what’s right for the whole population. We are in this together and the only way that we move past the pandemic is to unify in our effort. This is not a political issue – it is a global health issue.
[] Learn about a more sustainable approach towards how you conduct your life and your business. Do what you can: recycle, reuse, reduce waste, buy local, find ways to connect with more sustainable energy sources, save water, and be an ambassador for good practices.
[] Take the time to put aside your prejudice (we all likely have some), listen to others and learn. In many cities you can find signs on front lawns that proclaim: “Hate has no home here”. Be that person, be that business.
These are very challenging times, but we can all make a difference. Together we can change the world one plate of food at a time, one act of kindness at a time, one concerted effort to align with the system that everyone is part of and then we can look at ourselves in the mirror and sleep at night.
PLAN BETTER – TRAIN HARDER
Let’s all make an effort to be better and do our part.
As cooks we tend to live in the moment. A dish that finally reaches the pass began its journey when it arrived at our back loading dock or even when we located it in the walk-in. It is hard to think further back than that since our work is endless and always demanding – we need to live in the moment and work with what is in front of us. However, to be truly effective as a cook or a chef it is essential that we know how difficult the road was to get to that delivery truck or walk-in. Until we understand and appreciate the journey our ability to do justice to that ingredient is limited.
If we take the time to understand and appreciate, then we will likely take pause. This journey requires the farmer, fisherman, rancher, or forager and the ingredient to give it all – total commitment. Here are a few examples:
[] CARROT: It takes 70-80 days for a carrot to reach maturity. The right balance of sandy and nutrient based soil, farmer care, rainfall and sun will yield the bright orange, sweet and tender vegetable that the cook requires. It doesn’t simply fall off the back of a truck. When you appreciate the carrot then you are less likely to waste even the peels that might be used for flavoring a vegetable stock.
[] PEPPER: List the carrot (although above ground) the pepper can take upward of 90 days to reach maturity. Too much rain and the roots will rot, too little and the pepper will fail to flourish; too much sun and the pepper will struggle and too little will slow down growth and maturity.
[] POTATO: The potato is a staple in many diets. An incredibly versatile ingredients with almost limitless varieties, it is inexpensive and sturdy – lasting for months in colder storage. A typical potato takes 120 days for the farmer to nurture and harvest.
[] TOMATO: An incredible fruit that seems to hold the warmth of the sun when picked at the peak of maturity. There is no comparison to the burst of flavor from a ripe summer tomato. Most varieties take around 100 days to mature.
[] CORN: Few vegetables can provide so much as an ear of corn: cornmeal for masa and flour for baking, corn oil, fresh corn on or off the cob, important animal feed, and some varieties for popcorn. Corn also has a maturation range of up to 100 days. Plenty of sun and just the right amount of rain is critical for optimum growth.
[] GRAPES: Whether table varieties or those for wine production, grapes mature 100 days after blossoms appear on the vines. Grapes require lots of tender loving care, protection of roots, tying up branches to provide better sun exposure, trimming back vines at the end of the season and culling too many grapes to allow those remaining to receive optimum nutrients, mounding dirt around the base of roots after harvest to protect the vines during harsh winters, and picking the grapes clusters at the correct brix (sugar content) for the best fermentation results. All farming is back breaking work but caring for grapes might be the most physically demanding.
[] AVOCADO: Once a novelty item, now a significant ingredient that spreads beyond your favorite guacamole. Avocados are finicky fruit that finish their maturation after being picked. The window of opportunity for the right texture, color, and flavor is very short. The avocado never waits for the cook, the cook must always wait for the avocado. If planted from seed, the avocado plant will take 5-13 years before producing fruit.
[] ONION: In a professional kitchen it would be difficult to identify too many dishes that are untouched by onions or onion varieties (Bermuda, golden, white, Vidalia, scallions, leeks, shallots, Red Wing, chives, Cipollini, pearl, Walla-Walla). Many onion varieties can take up to 175 days to mature, but they cold store well for months. Often relegated to commodity status in kitchens – they are one of a cook’s most essential ingredients.
[] ATLANTIC SALMON: Of the hundreds of flat or round fish species available from fresh or salt waters – salmon has become the king on restaurant menus. Available from Atlantic and Pacific sources – a salmon will take 3-5 years to mature enough for harvesting. Found wild caught or farmed, salmon is nutritionally robust (Omega-3’s), uniquely flavored, and beautiful in presentation.
[] LOBSTER: Lobster fishing is closely monitored to protect availability and their ability to flourish. This, like most fishing, is difficult and dangerous work with sometimes unpredictable results. The prices we see on menus do not, in any way shape or form, represent what the fisherman receives for his/her work. The typical lobster (warm or cold water; Maine, Florida, or Pacific Coast) take 5-7 years to be large enough to harvest.
[] CLAM: The hard-shell varieties of Cherrystone, Littleneck, or Mahogany clams take 3-6 years to mature only to disappear at the hand of a consumer in a few seconds.
[] OYSTER: These bivalves are natural filters that represent one of natures most heavenly representative flavors of the sea’s brininess. To many cooks, their first raw oyster is an epiphany – a turning point in their love of food and the process of cooking. Oysters take 18-24 months to mature.
[] SCALLOP: Few shellfish are more prevalent on restaurant menus than the sea scallop. Wonderful texture, the freshness of the sea, slight saltiness, and beauty once caramelized in butter – these rich seafood treats take 3-4 years before they are ready to harvest. Their shells are a work of art playing the role of unique packaging for the prize inside.
[] SHRIMP: The Emperor of seafood menus – shrimp that comes from waters in the Gulf of Mexico, South America, Taiwan, China, Thailand, India, and Vietnam is, by far, one of the most versatile shellfish. From sashimi to tempura fried, sauteed to stuffed, etouffee to gumbo, and shrimp cocktail to bar-b-que – shrimp is rarely omitted from a restaurant menu and as such is a critical ingredient for cooks. Most varieties will be ready to harvest in 6 months.
[] ANGUS STEER: These beautiful animals considered one of the most prized sources of quality beef reach their ideal weight of around 1,200 pounds in 18 months or so. In most cases, contrary to common belief, they are initially grass fed and given significant free-range access to pasture until in the final months of growth when they are transitioned to a nutritionally structured feed mix that is designed to optimize quality and yield. Most processing plants have adopted the Temple Grandin approach towards kindness and humane treatment of the animals prior to processing.
[] PIG: Although there are plenty of examples of poor animal treatment on commercial pig farms, more and more ranchers are adopting a kinder approach providing opportunity for pigs to move about freely, interact with their own, and enjoy a vegetarian diet primarily consisting of corn and soybeans. Most pigs are bought from farms where piglets are just weening off their mother’s milk at about 35-50 pounds. They reach their harvest weight of about 250 pounds in 6-8 months.
[] CHICKEN: Like the stories of poorly treated pigs, chickens are notoriously mishandled, however, a growing number of organic farms are adopting a modified free-range approach that produces a meatier, more flavorful chicken that comes from a happier place. Chickens reach maturity in about 18 weeks.
Knowing more about the ingredients that a cook uses will bring home the need to respect what it takes to bring those items to a kitchen’s coolers and dry storage, how privileged we are as cooks to work with them, and how important it is to fully use everything that we can and waste nothing. It is the only respectful approach that honors the animal or plant for its contribution to the plate.
PLAN BETTER – TRAIN HARDER Harvest America Ventures, LLC
It is so easy to fall into the trap of a stereotypical line cook. It seems, at times, written in stone that those who work in kitchens will be quick to point out other’s mistakes, easily angered, inflexible, excessive drinkers, lacking in balance, and outside of their job in the kitchen – somewhat irresponsible. We can deny it and point to examples of cooks who are always professional, kind, cool under pressure, and willing to listen, but face it – this is more the exception to the rule rather than the rule itself. Why is this?
The job is difficult: true; the hours are temperament crushing: sometimes; we can’t get the respect we deserve: maybe sometimes but respect must be earned; or we don’t get paid enough to be kind: really? In just about any profession one can find reasons to support volatile or inconsistent attitudes, but then again, there is no legitimate rationale for simply falling into a trap of the notorious line cook. There is little reward for the person who is unable or unwilling to break the mold and seek to be positive.
OK, so some will say: “The chef, the manager, or the owner is the reason why I lash out and add to the tension at work.” Sure, point the finger elsewhere – but this means that you are releasing any responsibility for your own actions. Some will say: “This is just the way it is in kitchens.” Again, you are failing to represent positive change and simply giving in to the temperament of the crowd, or the belief in horrible traditions. Is this the person you want to be? Does this help to correct any challenges that exist, or are you simply feeding those challenges with the fuel of acceptance and discontent?
Let’s assume a few things for the moment without the cloud of challenges that certainly do exist:
You started out in the kitchen because the craft is something that inspired you – something that made sense.
Creativity was always in the back of your mind – something that gave you purpose and drove you to learn about the art of cooking.
You felt at home in the kitchen; you thought that this was a space where you belonged and where you might stand tall and make a difference.
You are either very good at the job of cooking or well on your way to that point.
If we can assume this (and I believe that most cooks do relate to these assumptions) then a good starting point is reflecting on your initial reason for taking on that first job as cook. There was a spark of real interest – an intent to pursue this with enthusiasm. So WHY DID YOU ALLOW YOUR FEELINGS TO GO SOUTH? The key here is the word: “ALLOW”. Yes, your attitude toward the job and people of the kitchen is totally within your control. Stop blaming others for a decision you made to fall into the role of a stereotypical sometimes arrogant, angry, and unpredictable cook. This is not to infer that the challenges you face are not real. THEY ARE VERY REAL, but I am speaking of how you choose to face those challenges. As is often said: “you can choose to be part of the problem, or part of the solution.” Which will it be?
Here is something to chew on: based on numerous studies the following outcomes are associated with negativity and anger:
Outbursts of anger can put your heart at risk: outbursts will raise your blood pressure – one of the key contributors to heart disease.
This rise in blood pressure is a risk factor for stroke.
Anger and negativity can weaken your immune system: people who are constantly looking at their cup as half empty and tend to lash out at others with bursts of anger are frequently sick.
Anger and negativity are linked to a rise in anxiety levels: if you have ever experienced high anxiety or panic attacks you know how frightening and debilitating they can be.
Constant negativity and anger have been linked to inflammation in the lungs: this can impact your ability to breathe normally and can cause you to feel winded and fatigued.
Anger and negativity can ultimately shorten your life!
This doesn’t even address the fact that it takes all the fun out of the work that you were initially excited about – the work that you are good at. It doesn’t address the impact this has on your teammates, employer, and even customers. Your negativity and anger can be habit forming and can then be passed on to others who will experience the same trauma in their lives.
When negativity and anger become a habit, then it is only natural that the body and mind seek ways to release the pressure – oftentimes in an equally negative way. How many of you, or those you know, find release through lashing out, demeaning and insulting others, drinking to excess, using drugs, and eventually bouncing from job to job looking for someone else to “make things better for you”?
Try to break the stereotype and experience the difference it can make. Try saying “yes” far more often than “no”. Ask others: “how can I help?” Use the words: “I’m sorry” when it is appropriate, and mean it. Take a deep breath and ask yourself: “does this really matter” before you lash out in anger. Try seeing things from the other person’s perspective rather than assuming you are right and they are wrong. Try it for a day, a week, or go out and make the attitude adjustment for a month. See the difference it will make in your life, in your performance on the job, and in the “feel” of the kitchen.
Anger and negativity lead to depression and fear. Calmness and positive action lead to enjoyment and an open door to solving many of those challenges you face.
Life is too short to be a prisoner to negativity, to fall into the trap of the stereotypical angry cook, and to limit your ability to enjoy what you do while building your personal brand as a person who seeks to be “part of the solution”. YOU CAN CHOOSE to be different and to step into the shoes of a role model. This will pay you back tenfold and maybe even help with your health and wellbeing.
Desperation is never a good approach towards hiring. I know how difficult staffing is right now, believe me – I hear it every day from every chef that I communicate with. But desperation hiring is, more often than not, a terrible way to staff your kitchen. Your goal should never be to simply fill in a blank space on your schedule, but rather to find the right people to balance out your team. For the individual cook – the same holds true. Do you really want to work in an operation where desperation is the primary motivation for hiring?
Push aside, for just one moment, the temptation to just find a warm body and begin to look at building an environment where committed cooks want to become part of your team. Yes, let’s start there.
First, and maybe most importantly, chefs want to hire people who cook for the right reasons, or at least know what their motivation is. For the dedicated cook, you want to work in an operation where your peers are also cooking for the right reasons. To this end, I would suggest that you consider relegating your interview process to one question – a question that reveals so much of what you need to know – a question that some who apply have never thought about and as such they may have a difficult time determining the answer that truly reflects the person and the cook that they are.
The question:
“WHY DO YOU COOK?”
Simple question, right? A question that some will think is too basic, maybe even contrived or even trivial in comparison to the typical array of questions like: “What are your strengths or weaknesses”, “why did you leave your last job”, “what would others say about you”, “what is your educational background”, “where have you worked before”, “what is your favorite style of cooking”, or “where do you want to be in five years”. “WHY DO YOU COOK” is an all-consuming question that gets to the heart of who the person is and what he or she will likely bring to the kitchen position.
Without thought, the answer might be:
* “Because I need to work”
* “It’s all I’ve ever done”
* “I went to school for cooking”
* “I’m an adrenaline junkie and I live for the energy” or
* “I like the lifestyle”
Certainly, there is room in most kitchens for these individuals, but will they prove to be a strong foundation for building a successful team? Have they really thought beyond “the moment”, the needs that they have right now? Are these the individuals who will help the operation reach its long-term goals? Will they mesh with the other players in your kitchen? Or will you be looking to fill those same positions again in just a few months?
Think about the question yourself? WHY DO YOU COOK? What firmly held answer(s) would define the type of person who would complement your team? Here are some answers that would make others pay attention:
[] Since the first day I entered a kitchen, I knew this was where I belonged:
When this is the case then a cook will always be looking for a way to fit in with the team and contribute. There is a sense of appreciation and wonder; acknowledgement that this is a special environment that is calling he or she into service.
[] I enjoy the teamwork, the focus, and the passion for creating exciting food that makes people happy:
This is an all-encompassing answer that speaks to the cook’s desire to be part of something bigger than one person, the desire to have purpose and commit to a larger goal, and an understanding that as cooks we are in the business of bringing joy.
[] There is something special about the energy and the engagement that cooks have with a process that makes me proud:
Pride in one’s chosen profession is a powerful tool. The energy that a cook experiences is a direct result of this pride. Self-motivation (the only real motivation) happens when cooks can look in a mirror and admire the person they see.
[] It’s hard work that requires me to constantly improve my skills and learn about the ingredients I work with:
A real important answer – this relates to a strong work ethic, a desire to feel the gratification that comes from physical, mental, and emotional involvement in the work. This will be the type of person you want by your side when things get difficult.
[] Cooking is how I am most comfortable communicating with others. Whether it is a restaurant guest, my peers in the kitchen, or my family – cooking is what I do to tell them I care:
The kitchen can be a melting pot of characters- some are extroverts that thrive in an environment where they can shine, and others are introverts who are looking to contribute, but find the kitchen is where they feel safe, wanted, and important. They are not looking for the limelight, but rather a place where they feel valued and secure.
[] I’m good at this. When I am in the kitchen, I feel confident in my abilities:
Confidence is a real asset in any work environment, especially if the person can back up that confidence with results. Confidence comes from competence and competence is a result of commitment, practice, and great listening skills while the individual builds his or her portfolio of abilities.
[] I have always admired the symmetry and interconnectivity of the kitchen and the complexity of what it takes to excel. I want to be a chef some day and I know that I must invest in learning as much as I can to reach that goal:
Sometimes individuals find great joy in being part of a well-oiled machine. In a kitchen I would always prefer someone who finds greater satisfaction in playing baseball or basketball that golf. This is not to slight golfers (I try to be one on occasion myself), nor is it meant to infer those cooks need to play sports at all – it is a reference to wanting to be part of a team versus standing on a soapbox as an independent. This also shows that the person has a goal and knows what it will take to get there. Not everyone wants to reach for that position, some are perfectly happy to be excellent cooks – both are needed, and both will find a home in a great kitchen.
[] Whenever I put on the uniform of the kitchen, I feel proud of what I do and who I have become:
Maybe this seems trivial to some, but to those who are truly dedicated culinarians, pride in the uniform and what it represents, the history of the profession, and the membership feel that exists when the uniform is worn properly can lead to a more focused, cohesive team. Pride in how one looks will oftentimes result in how that same person acts and performs.
As long as restaurant owners and operators learn that recognition, training, supportive work environments, fair compensation, and concern about work-life balance are essential, then building a team of professionals who can answer the question: WHY DO YOU COOK will set the stage for a bright future and a successful operation.
The good news is that restaurants are beginning to see an increase in sales as more and more customers return to in person dining in addition to their new habit of ordering for home delivery. So, as life starts to transition to a level of normalcy, restaurants may find that the pandemic opened the door to a viable, additional source of revenue that isn’t going away.
The not so good news is that labor issues continue to plague all restaurants from fine dining to quick service, and supply chain challenges are limiting availability and in conjunction with inflation pushing prices of raw materials to unprecedented levels. There are a number of possible solutions, but not all of them positive. Restaurants could choose to raise prices, reduce portion sizes, or lower quality standards to make up the difference, or take a more proactive approach without alienating guests or impacting their reputation for quality.
One way to approach a viable solution is to modify how we do business, what we sell, and the skill set that makes sense for today’s cook.
SOLUTIONS and the NEW SKILL SET:
[] Smaller Menus
SKILL SET: Too many factors are making it difficult to maintain large, diverse menus. Cook and chefs will need to deal with it and learn how to keep their work exciting. Striving for excellence will be the name of the game – set your eyes on perfecting skills, flavors, and presentations and take pride in being the best at what you do.
[] Move Away from Premium Proteins
SKILL SET: Today’s cooks will need to shift from reliance on cooking high end proteins such as prime steaks and chops, the most common species of fresh fish, and over-used poultry items and become familiar with less common cuts of beef and pork and underutilized poultry items such as shoulder, shanks, thighs, and legs. It will be important to understand the anatomy of animals, fat content, muscle grouping, and the best methods of handling these excellent ingredients that are used far less frequently in restaurants.
[] Alternate Cooking Methods
SKILL SET: Grilling and sauté methods typically rely on cuts of meat that are inherently tender and/or marbled with fat to impart flavor and moisture. Cooks will need to master alternative methods such as braising, poele, poaching, sous vide, and low and slow smoking that in the end provide opportunities to tenderize and enhance the flavor of lesser utilized cuts.
[] Cross Utilization to Minimize Waste
SKILL SET: Knowing how to maximize utilization through fermentation, marination, curing, and canning will be as important as preparing items in more traditional manners. Using everything from hoof to snout will be the price of admission for todays and tomorrow’s cooks.
[] Variety on the Plate
SKILL SET: One way to not only reduce costs, increase profit, and build an even better guest experience is to offer variety on the plate. Less emphasis on the protein and more variety of vegetables, starches, relishes, chutneys, and salsas will become a very effective way of addressing the challenges that restaurants may continue to face for some time.
[] Fluid Menus
SKILL SET: A cook’s repertoire will need to expand. Menus will tend to be smaller and more in tune with the seasonality of ingredients. Menus that change weekly or even daily will become the norm and cooks will need to readily adapt. Reliance on strong foundational cooking skills will remain paramount, but fluid menus will likely include mastering sous vide, marination, preparation of fresh charcuterie, low and slow methods like braising and bar-b-que, and the like.
[] Grow Your Own
SKILL SET: When possible, the farm to table movement will include a restaurant’s ability to grow some of their own ingredients. Growing and harvesting herbs, salad greens, tomatoes, beans, zucchini, and even root vegetables for canning will continue to grow in popularity. Cook’s will need to have a passion for gardening since it may become part of their job.
[] Teaching – Awareness
SKILL SET: Chefs will need to teach cooks and cooks will need to monitor each other’s compliance with the rules of sustainable cost control. Full utilization of ingredients, minimizing waste, composting and portion control will be even more essential than they were in the past.
Cooks and chefs need to update and enhance their skills to build their personal brand and make a difference in an ever-changing restaurant business. Are you working in this direction right now?
It happens now and again, that question comes up on-line, usually from individuals new to a professional kitchen, or those who have little idea about how kitchens work. “What is the difference between a cook and a chef”? Sometimes, it depends on how you ask the question. As an example, I remember one very moving presentation to a room full of culinary professionals by Andre Soltner (a consummate chef whom I will forever admire) during which he directed all who were in the audience to remember that we should “never forget that we are all cooks first”. But to the first group I mentioned, the question was meant to try and delineate the two titles.
So, I felt compelled to define a few points of differentiation that might help cooks aspiring to the title of chef and current chefs who may not be entirely clear on their role.
A CHEF IS (A baker’s dozen):
[] The Role Model for the Kitchen
THE LAW: Look to the chef to see how the kitchen will act. It is the chef’s responsibility to set the standard for others to follow.
[] A Team Builder
THE LAW: It is not enough to hire competent people. The chef must be the coach who recognizes strengths and weaknesses and builds consensus around common goals so that the machine works properly.
[] A Teacher and a Trainer
THE LAW: It may be the responsibility of the cook to constantly enhance his or her skill set, but it is the chef who must create an environment of learning and provide the tools for others to gain knowledge and skill.
[] The Ambassador for the Kitchen
THE LAW: The person in the role of “chef” is responsible for the image of the kitchen through his or her actions – BOTH ON AND OFF THE JOB.
[] The Person Who Establishes the Direction for the Kitchen
THE LAW: Unless you know where you are going, any road will take you there. The chef must define that destination: how the restaurant wants to be perceived by all stakeholders.
[] A Mentor to Others
THE LAW: Chefs have a responsibility to help each employee set a course and stay on course to reach his or her professional objectives. It goes with the turf. When a chef’s cooks succeed in life, so too does the chef.
[] A Leader in Every Sense of the Word
THE LAW: Take this very seriously – how chefs act, how they look, how they treat others, the standards they set for product, the expectations they establish for work habits, and the commitment that the chef has for excellence is what others will emulate. If a chef fails to understand this, then he or she will eventually fail in that position.
[] A Business Manager
Budgeter
Cost Controller and Analyzer
Marketing Resource
THE LAW: First and foremost – the restaurant must be profitable! Unless this becomes a guiding principle then all other objectives of the chef will be unattainable. The chef must be able to build realistic, measurable, and challenging budgets that push and pull everyone in the organization to meet and exceed expectations. To do this, the chef must understand and practice solid cost control measures such as inventory control, recipe costing, portion control, as well as theft and waste control. And, the chef must play an active role in assisting, and sometimes driving marketing initiatives.
[] A Negotiator
THE LAW: The chef is in a position that requires negotiation with vendors, employees, and other managers. This requires patience and diplomacy – something that many cooks fail to embrace.
[] A Problem Solver
THE LAW: Chefs can never view problems with a fatalistic eye. Problems are really challenges and opportunities. Others in and outside the kitchen will look to the chef to solve problems. The chef must have the answer or know where to go to find the answer. It’s that simple.
[] The Source of Creative Energy
THE LAW: All individuals have the raw ability to be creative, it is up to the chef to channel that creativity, encourage it, and feed it, but also temper it when it lacks direction. By referring to the chef as the “source” need not require that all creativity originates from the chef – in fact, the greatest use of creative energy is to set the stage for others to be the innovators.
[] A Consummate Organizer and Planner
THE LAW: Every day brings a need for planning and organizing; it is the experience of the person who earns the title “chef” that provides the ability to develop systems that will allow this to work consistently. This is also where mentorship comes into play. The chef should guide his or her sous chef to build the necessary skills that organization and planning require. The best planners are also great trainers, teachers, and delegators.
[] A Resource for Cooks
THE LAW: The chef must always serve as the resource encyclopedia in the kitchen. Sometimes, the chef will tap into experiences that he or she has in their job portfolio, other times, the chef simply knows where to look or whom else to contact for the answers a cook requires.
This is only a partial list, but one that I believe all accomplished chefs would agree on. All of these aptitudes and skills are built over time with ample experiences; some resulted in positive outcomes and others, not so positive. They all add to a chef’s ability to function in the position. As talented as a cook might be, as knowledgeable and skillful as he or she might be about preparing food, and as enthusiastic as the person might be for the work – without the experience to solidify what the cook may know, it would be (at least in my opinion) impossible to be effective as a chef. There are no real shortcuts from cook to chef – it takes time and a willingness to learn. All chefs are cooks (and Andre Soltner will not let us forget that), but not all cooks are chefs.
We have all heard it before; it is perpetuated in the media, by our politicians, guidance counselors, professors, our peers, and sometimes even parents. You know that generalization about the position of cook and the inference that somehow it is less than professional and quite frankly, beneath considering as a viable career choice. How many times has the job been referred to as “flipping hamburgers” or working in a “greasy spoon”? How wrong they are, how uninformed, how misleading to those who might find a perfect place to build a terrific career, and how insulting they are to one of the most significant, and impactful careers.
In some ways we have come a long way over the past sixty some odd years, and in other ways we haven’t budged an inch. I remember the feeling when I tied on an apron for the first time – washing dishes at the age of 15. It was a job and a paycheck, a signal that I wanted to take on some responsibility, and the beginning of a six-decade work ethic, but there were no pats on the back for a choice of careers. The feeling in those days was: “great that you have a job, but what are you going to do when you grow up?” To a guidance counselor it was a signal to potential college admissions officers that I knew how to work hard, but there was never a word about: “have you considered a career in the kitchen?” My parents were convinced that I needed a college education and without any other indication of a potential career other than “I would really like to be in a band”, they pushed me from the baseline of kitchen helper to maybe try your hand at hotel management.
After college ( it would take another decade before I decided to complete a degree), I tried to find my footing as a young manager (even though it never really excited me at this point), but fortunately found a general manager who interviewed me for quite a few hours, showed me how much I didn’t know at the age of twenty, and told me to return to the back of the house, learn all that I could, and then aspire to move into management. I have thanked that manager (in my heart) countless times for that advice over the years. This was the first time that anyone actually referred to the kitchen as a great place to learn, grow, and get a foothold on a career.
Why has this been the case for decades and why are we still struggling to convince others that becoming a professional cook is not only viable as a career – it is important, inspiring, intelligent, enjoyable, and eventually lucrative?
To those who still doubt that this is true – here are some indications to support my belief:
[] THIS IS A JOB THAT REQUIRES INTELLECT AS WELL AS PHYSICAL SKILL
Professional cooks must be able to see, reference, analyze, prioritize, and make decisions in an instant. There is a tremendous need for those individuals who have this broad capacity as well as the skill to cook a great meal. Decision-making is ever present and comes at the cook in an instant. Everything is fluid and fast requiring agility and the ability to prepare for the unknown and act when even good advance planning takes a side road.
[] THIS IS A JOB THAT REQUIRES AN UNDERSTANDING OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS and SCIENCE:
This is absolutely true. When some may discount cooking as a rote process of following a recipe, they fail to see that this process involves working with fractions, percentages, conversions, multiplication and division, experimentation, analysis, applied chemistry, a process of understanding and respecting biology, and even applied physics on a daily basis. In fact, there are few careers that blend all of these throughout a typical day like that of the cook.
[] THIS IS A JOB THAT DEMONSTRATES THE IMPORTANCE OF TEAMWORK:
One of life’s most important skills is the ability to play fairly with others in the sandbox. Accomplishment of a successful meal service in a restaurant will never happen unless every cook understands teamwork and works to constantly enhance it.
[] THIS IS A JOB THAT REQUIRES AN UNDERSTANDING OF HISTORY, PYSCHOLOGY, AND SOCIOLOGY AND HOW TO APPLY THOSE INTERESTS:
To be able to prepare any authentic dish, to have the ability to design a menu with ethnic authenticity, and to build a restaurant brand that is true to a specific style of cooking requires that the cook understand and appreciate the history behind a cuisine or dish, where ingredients originate and why they are important to the dish, and how the process of preparing items is important to the result. Success also depends on the cook’s (and later chef’s) ability to understand people, what makes them tick, what excites them and what upsets them, and how their heritage and upbringing, and their self-confidence and socio-economic background influence the person they are and how they interact.
[] THIS IS A JOB THAT BUILDS STRONG PROBLEM SOLVERS:
Cooks learn to adjust in the moment (there is little time to waste when that printer is spitting out orders at lightning speed), but also to step back and make longer-term adjustments to avoid problems in the future. When things go sideways, the professional cook finds a way to avoid that situation again.
[] THIS IS A HIGHLY CREATIVE FIELD, JUST AS BROAD AS MUSIC, ART, ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN, AND EVEN CREATIVE WRITING:
Think about it: what other job allows the individual to approach every human sense: sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste; communicate, design, build, and set the stage for performance like a cook? Every day a cook designs and executes a menu that requires an understanding of texture, smell, taste, and sound, while painting a beautiful dish on a plate. The dining room is the stage, the service staff are the performers, and the entire package creates the flavor of an experience.
[] THIS IS A JOB THAT THRIVES ON DIVERSITY AND APPRECIATION OF OTHERS:
Some careers are challenged to create environments where diversity is present – the kitchen has always been a platform for all people regardless of place of birth, ethnicity, race, gender, age, or personal beliefs. Cooks (for the most part) are blind to differences. As long as everyone does his or her job – they are all equal.
[] THIS IS A JOB THAT IS WELCOMING TO ANYONE AND EVERYONE WILLING TO WORK:
In any given kitchen you will find those with college degrees, those who came up through the school of hard knocks, those from impoverished backgrounds, and those who grew up in affluence, those who were class clowns and those who were serious introverts, and those who are happy go lucky as well as those who are mad at the world. They all have a place if they want it, and all have an opportunity to grow.
[] THIS IS A JOB THAT CAN PROVIDE LIMITLESS OPPORTUNITIES FOR UPWARD MOBILITY:
Cooks who want to eventually become a chef can do so – if they want to commit the time and energy to build their skills, if they are willing to accept critique and learn from others, if they are willing to accept what they don’t know and work to change that, and if they are determined to say “yes” when given the chance to stretch their abilities and build the right skill set over time can hold the position of ship’s captain.
[] THIS IS A JOB THAT EVEN AT ITS ENTRY LEVEL STAGE CAN PROVIDE DREAMS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP THAT MAY ACTUALLY COME TO FRUITION:
Many cooks have a desire to be a business owner but may feel that it is out of their reach. These statistics may provide a different outlook: According to the National Restaurant Association 1 out of every 3 people in the U.S. received their first job in a restaurant of some type and 80% of all restaurant owners in the country started out with an entry level position in a restaurant (dishwasher, short order cook, bus person, etc.). Opportunity always knocks for those with the ambition to take the bull by the horns.
[] THIS IS A JOB FILLED WITH PRIDE:
For those who know the history of the profession and see the opportunities that exist, the act of buttoning that chef’s coat, tying on an apron, and adjusting that name tag provides a deep sense of pride as they represent what has been, what is, and what might be in the future.
[] THIS IS A JOB THAT PROVIDES A NEEDED SERVICE APPRECIATED BY EVERYONE WHO SEEKS TO BREAK BREAD WITH OTHERS:
We work so that others can enjoy life, take a break from their busy schedules, celebrate success, comfort each other during tough times, enjoy family and friends, and raise a glass to another day in the life.
[] THIS IS A JOB THAT ALLOWS THE COOK TO SEE THE RESULTS OF HIS OR HER WORK THROUGH THE PRESENTATION OF A TANGIBLE GOOD AND RECEIVE IMMEDIATE FEEDBACK FOR WHAT IS PRODUCED:
All the planning, all the organization, the accumulation of skills, the recognition of history, the sophistication of a palate and the creation of flavor memory come together on a plate of food in the pass. When the cook finishes a plate and wipes the rim, when that cluster of fresh herbs tops off a dish and the finished product is presented to a server, the cook knows that his or her signature accompanies the item in route to a guest. When the plate comes back clean, then a cook knows immediately – job well done!
What we do, how we act, and what we believe is influenced by many experiences in life. It is safe to say, that we are, to a very large degree, a product of those experiences and inspirations. When we stop and accept the opportunity to absorb these experiences, we open the door to becoming something unique – a product of everything that we let in. In this case, I thought that I would talk about music.
Music can make us feel, help to calm our nerves, or build us into a frenzy, and make us think deeply or simply allow us to remember vividly. Music is a box of memories to be cherished and admired, something to open frequently and re-visit as a source of inspiration. This special box that we possess can make us smile or frown, laugh or cry, stand up and shout, or become quiet and contemplative; it can help us to come together with others, or jump at the chance to claim our silo of beliefs. Music can make us tap our feet or even jump up and dance, even when a dancer we are not. It is powerful stuff that affects each person differently, but rest assured, it affects us all.
It would be hard to sit through a concert in New York City’s Blue Note Jazz Club, just a few feet from the stage and watch Stanley Jordan masterfully play his guitar, running both fingers at lightning speed up and down the frets while his eyes were closed, and not feel some of the magic that inspires him. It would be just as difficult experiencing a show at the age of 12, sitting with your parents just a few yards from Gene Krupa playing drums and not wonder what it would be like to have that sense of rhythm. Standing fifty feet from the stage where the Tower of Power horn section was bouncing to the crescendo of horns playing “You’re Still a Young Man”, would send shivers up your spine as you contemplate the challenges of aging. I was there for each of these musical experiences, they are in my special box.
Sitting cross legged on a gymnasium floor in 1969 mesmerized by an intense light show and engulfed in the music of Jefferson Airplane, especially when they roared thru “White Rabbit” and “Saturday Afternoon” was life-changing for a nineteen-year-old. Being part of the crowd at a Jethro Tull Concert during their Aqualung Tour or the quadraphonic concert experience of Pink Floyd as the sang of the Dark Side of the Moon, could only be topped by watching the master musician Frank Zappa lead the Mothers of Invention with Jean Luc Ponte on violin and Ruth Underwood on vibraphone. But it might be most memorable to feel the calming impact of the Moody Blues speak of the Threshold of a Dream through their magical harmonies and accomplished musicianship. I remain inspired because I was there, they are in my special box.
Sitting in a local malt shop at the age of thirteen, flipping through the choices on a jukebox, I would always slide in a nickel to hear The Hollies sing: Look Through Any Window, or Carrie Ann. Or maybe a few Beatles selections since they dominated the Top Ten in those days: A Hard Day’s Night, Love Me Do, Eight Days A Week, or All My Lovin, still bring a smile to my face as I reflect on the people and the places where I first heard those incredible voices. There were ample dances to attend back then and no shortage of local bands trying to imitate what we all heard on the radio: The Beatles, Rolling Stones, Jay and the Americans, Paul Revere, and the Turtles provided the energy for our youth. Later they were replaced with anthem bands that made us stand up and rally around new beliefs: The Airplane spoke of “Volunteers of America”, or Crosby Stills, Nash and Young as they raised a fist over Kent State with resounding cries of “Four Dead in Ohio”, and Country Joe and the Fish questioned whether we wanted to “Be the First One On Our Block to Have Your Boy Come Home in a Box”.
The Summer of Love and the years that followed were filled with hope and rebellion from the Monterey Festival to Woodstock where Love, Peace, and Happiness were the backbone of the music that we heard and aligned with. The world could be a better place and music was the guide. Then came the unfortunate end to this time of enlightenment at Altamont where Love and Peace, was replaced with Hate and Violence. We felt the music and reeled from the loss of faith.
It was the era of Folk Music that gave us insight into the intelligent, thought-provoking power of music. Dylan told us that “The Times Were a Changing”, Joni Mitchell warned us to protect what we held as precious and avoid paving paradise, and Joan Baez gave us a deeper understanding of what it meant to speak our mind and resist. Some spoke of love, some of friendship, others of broken hearts and shattered dreams, but all made us pay attention to the lyrics and put our own interpretations on the meaning.
While all of this energy was taking place, there was always room to learn to appreciate the structure and beauty of classical music. To sit in an acoustically designed room and listen to an orchestra of fifty or more musicians playing in perfect unity, each having totally mastered his or her instrument and be mentally, physically, and spiritually aligned with the conductor and the intent of the composer is something I will never forget. This is powerful stuff to listen to, watch, and feel. A friend of mine is a world class classical pianist. From a very early aged he was deemed a protégé and now commands world attention as he serves as the centerpiece of those orchestras in acoustically perfect rooms. I have sat on the floor in his living room and listened to him play at maybe the age of ten and in small bistros where he would dust off a player’s bench and play Rachmaninoff to a crowd of a few dozen mesmerized listeners. This is music at its most refined. I was there, this is part of my special box.
My tastes are eclectic – I appreciate many styles of music, especially when it is a reflection of the heart and soul, and when the skill level of the musician is evident. Listening to divas like Celine Dion and the late Whitney Houston when they build a song up to that hook: “All By Myself Anymore”, or “And I Will Always Love You” never cease to send shivers up my spine. At the same time when Bonnie Raitt plays bottleneck guitar or John Hiatt growls out lyrics that you can’t get out of your head, I feel the day get a little brighter. When the Allman Brothers play Statesboro Blues, the Band offers their Americana music from Big Pink, or the Grateful Dead go on for hours blending jazz style improvisation, bluegrass, and a bit of psychedelia it is hard to stand still.
Music is so powerful, so important, and so much a part of the person we become. No matter what you do, that special box of music memories is there. As a cook and a chef, I have always found inspiration in music. Whether it’s the structure of classical music that relates to the importance of cooking foundations, or the free-wheeling improvisation of Jazz greats like Keith Jarrett, Miles Davis, or Chick Corea and how creativity in cooking allows for this type of self-expression, it is music in my head that always keeps cooking alive. All cooks and chefs can tap into that special box of music memories as they plan that next menu or stand in front of a stove with a basket of ingredients waiting for inspiration.
It always upsets me to run into a cook with a bleak attitude towards working in a kitchen. When an individual complains about the hours, his or her team, a lousy chef, a restaurant that doesn’t care about them, about how uninspiring the food is, or how poor the pay is and how limited the opportunities, then my reaction is: “it’s so sad that you haven’t found the right kitchen, the right chef.” When the house is operated in the way it should, the way it was meant to be; when the property is committed to doing things right, when the standards are high and the expectations even higher, then a serious cook can find a home to celebrate.
There are many, many kitchens that do it right. A cook who is serious about learning and setting a course towards the position of chef, can find the right property if he or she chooses to do so. There is little reason to accept mediocrity as long as you want no part of it. There are plenty of very good chefs who operate exceptional kitchens, who will welcome those with a high level of enthusiasm and a humble attitude towards listening and learning. When excellence is the most important word in your vocabulary then the opportunities are limitless. Don’t ever accept that mediocrity is the norm. It isn’t!
I, for one, want to believe that pride is a good thing, and that pride is the key to opening the right doors for serious cooks. I’m not talking about that false attitude of pride that keeps individuals from accepting their mistakes or asking for help, the type of pride that pits one against another and leaves little room for celebrating others accomplishments; I’m talking about the pride that will not allow a person to approach any task or situation with anything less that the desire to do it right, to view every situation as a learning opportunity, and every person as a source of energy.
The right kitchen, as I have mentioned before, sweats the details. Everything is important when creating an environment of excellence. There is no such thing as insignificance in the right kitchen with the right chef. In these operations pride begins with clean, complete, professional uniforms, an expectation of perfect personal hygiene, respect for all ingredients, organization, cleanliness, a respect for cooking foundations, professional interactions and communication, well-defined standards and enforcement of those standards, training and teaching, respect for others and consistency in work execution. There is symmetry of motion, almost as if a well-appointed musical score when it comes to teamwork. The right kitchen is a place where everything has a place, and everything is in its place. It is a place where every cook is expected to grow and build on a set of skills so they continue to enhance a portfolio of excellence eventually leading to the position of sous chef and chef. In the right kitchen, the chef feels a responsibility to grow his or her cooks in this manner – it is expected.
The right kitchen is a place where teachable moments happen every day and where the chef is focused on providing the right guidance during those moments. In these kitchens cooks are never treated as replaceable pawns, they are viewed as moldable apprentices with a bright future. As long as a serious cook is willing to learn, respectful of others, and able to invest in personal development – then the right kitchen will be a welcoming place.
In the right kitchen, the cook is shown how to improve and never simply chastised for making a mistake. Critique will replace criticism in these operations – noting that pointing to mistakes has little meaning unless the chef is willing to roll up his or her sleeves and show the cook how to improve. This does not mean the chef is soft on expectations, in fact, just the opposite. In the right kitchen there is typically a higher level of expectation and disappointment only when a cook fails to acknowledge a need to improve and ask for help.
In the right kitchen, led by the right chef, every cook looks in a mirror before starting a shift, adjusts his or her uniform, makes sure that the name tag is positioned properly, maintains his or her knives with real pride, insists on working clean and organized, and approaches every task with enthusiasm. It matters not that it is mincing onions, breaking down a chicken, peeling potatoes, or assembling a complicated pate en croute – every task is done with excellence in mind.
In the right kitchen everyone is aware of the status of their peers and willing to help whenever needed. It is this type of environment that cooks are proud to work in. It is possible! I feel fortunate to have worked in many of the “right” kitchens and hopefully am seen as a chef who operated in such a manner. This is why I am so distressed when cooks express that they feel used, unappreciated, demeaned, insulted, under paid, and void of any opportunity to improve. My answer is: “If this is the case then you are in the wrong operation.” If a cook is truly serious about becoming excellent at what he or she does – there are ample examples of great kitchens and great chefs – move on, show your commitment, and sign on.
I believe that some of the discontent right now that came to a head during the pandemic is because too many “solid cooks” have accepted that the wrong kitchen is the norm. It is not! If anyone needs recommendations on kitchens and chefs, who do it right – send me a request. If you are willing to go where the opportunities lie, then you can find a home in an environment where excellence is present.
Watching exceptional and sometimes surprising football this past weekend I realized that it is not old fashioned to give it all you’ve got. It really shouldn’t matter what we are doing: work, fun, hobbies, sports, exercise, school, family, or relationships – giving it all means that you appreciate what you have, relish the skills you have required, respect those who are part of the activity, and have pride in your personal and collective performance. The rewards for this effort need not always be tangible, sometimes they are what might be referred to as “soft rewards”. These include knowing you gave more than you received, contributed to the success of others, had some level of positive impact on those who were on the receiving end of your work, and realizing you participated in something that served as a shining example for others.
I have always been a firm believer that if you give your all, every time, no matter what the task then those tangible rewards will also come your way at some point in time. One of my favorite quotes (author unknown) says it all:
“There are only three choices in life: Give Up, Give In, or Give It All You’ve Got.”
The question is: which path will we take? As I watched these players and teams that have earned the right to fight for position in the playoffs, I was moved by so many who chose the third path: “Give it all you’ve got”. Games were won and lost in the final seconds of play, points were traded back and forth as one teams successful drive motivated the opposing team to stand tall and push even harder to match that effort. Most games, including the one with my fully embraced and supported team from Buffalo, New York were addressed in the end just like the famous coach, Vince Lombardi said decades ago:
“I never really lost a football game; on occasion I simply ran out of time.”
When there is an unrelenting effort towards excellence, when each member of a team supports each other, when effort is measured in giant steps and not simply going through the motions, then a game can never be lost – you may on occasion simply run out of time.
I was inspired by the effort, by the all-out pursuit of excellence, by individuals who gave everything they had and did so in support of others. Even though the results in some cases were not what was hoped for, it is this commitment, pride, and “never give up” attitude that won in the end.
Some may say: “If I was paid that kind of money then I would give it my all”, but from my experience people either give it all regardless of compensation or they don’t. I will always believe that people want to win through extraordinary effort. They want to use their skills and ability to reach for the stars and feel good about the effort they gave. Maybe I am naïve, but I hope not. When we lose sight of being the best we can be, when we accept mediocrity simply because those tangible rewards don’t come quickly enough, then how do we look ourselves in a mirror and feel any level of satisfaction?
This Give Up, Give In, or Give It All You’ve Got choice applies just as well to what we do in the kitchen as it does those who earn millions playing on a football field, basketball court, baseball diamond, ice rink or performance stage. The ones who are successful in any endeavor perform at the highest level, every day, with every task because that is what they expect of themselves.
Those who refuse to give up or give in look at disappointment as a wakeup call and a roadmap pointing to the road of improvement. When we are unable to reach the goals, we have today, it’s time to assess, commit, and work even harder to improve. Steve Young, the retired Superbowl winning quarterback for the San Francisco 49ers had a tough act to follow. His predecessor was Joe Montana, one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time, a sports icon who was deeply loved by the people of San Francisco. Young’s motivation was to fill those shoes and he did that very well over time. He said:
“The principle is competing against yourself. It’s about self-improvement, about being better than you were the day before.”
We can all learn something important from paying attention to organized sports, especially when the team and those who mold the players into a cohesive unit are committed to giving it all they’ve got. The best restaurants, the most impressive schools, and the most effective kitchen teams will do exactly what the teams who played this past weekend will do moving forward. During the weeks and months ahead, they will focus on playing their individual roles to the best of their ability and giving it all they’ve got each and every day.
One of the many things that I find truly amazing is a person’s ability to assimilate, understand, categorize, blend, envision, and call into action thoughts from a variety of experiences and do so with relative ease. This happens progressively throughout our lives as we tap into our memories – memories that are constantly evolving. As an example, a line cook has an incredible capacity to remember and use complex actions while stacking those actions on top of each other. Just for a moment, think about what it takes to work a busy sauté station. Every dish that is part of that station portfolio must be fully understood. How the mise en place is prepared in advance, uniformity of vegetable cuts, clarification of butter, sauce preparations, and where each ingredient should be stored according to the station map. The timing of each dish must be imbedded in the cook’s consciousness, the specific flavor profile of each item, portion sizes, the steps in cooking must be second nature; caramelization, degrees of doneness, the intensity of a flame, reduction of sauces in a pan, adjustments to seasoning, how the dish must be presented on the plate, how to time finishing so that it aligns with other stations, etc. And then, the cook must be able to catalog multiple, simultaneous preparations of a number of other dishes with totally different profiles and preparations. All the while, he or she is coordinating and communicating with other line cooks and doing so as the point-of-sale printer is spitting out a stream of additional orders to catalog and process. Amazing.
As we get older and more seasoned in our role as cook to chef, our capacity matures and grows in different ways. As a 50-year-old chef we may not be fast enough to work that busy sauté station (even though we think we are), to organize all of those different a ’la minute preparations in our head and do so with incredible ease, but we are able to approach far more complex processes that fall under the heading of “the chef’s job”. At this level we are able to envision a dish without even preparing it. Our ability to plan a menu is done virtually at first. We come up with an idea for a presentation and a flavor profile and tap into our memory that has matured through experience. We can close our eyes and see what the dish will look like, how it is built, how each ingredient flavor melds with others, how the dish will smell, what its texture will be, and overall, what the flavor experience will be. This is before the protein even hits the hot pan. We are able to do this because we have years of experiences working with those ingredients that are stored in our memory bank allowing us to discover synchronicity in thought. Different parts of our brain kick into action and merge to produce those visual pictures, faux aromas in our head, an understanding of “chew”, or texture, and how all the flavors will come together and identify the dish. Amazing.
I am currently engrossed in reading a wonderful book by Dr. Sanjay Gupta entitled: “Keep Sharp”, a book that I highly recommend for everyone. Originally, I purchased it as a resource to help me maintain mental acuity as I age, but since turning the first few pages I have come to the realization that my interpretation of memory and memory loss is skewed by misinformation. As chefs we have all found ourselves in the walk-in cooler wondering why we were there, or in a hurry to get somewhere in the kitchen only to discover that our mission was not so clear, misplacing our keys or glasses, or finding it difficult to remember where you placed a file, recipe, book, or cup of coffee. The common approach is to blame it on age, but it may just be our brain trying to prioritize a pile of messages, some of which are evolving as we walk from point A to point B. We create elaborate checklists, so we don’t forget, but in reality, those lists simply help us to keep certain immediate priorities front and center as our brains move in dozens of different directions. According to Dr. Gupta, our brains contain over 100 billion cells or neurons where our every activity and thought is shipped and processed allowing us to move, breathe, think, reason, assimilate, decipher, create, speak, see, smell, touch, and taste. All of this takes place in a 3.3-pound organ that represents only 1/40th of our body mass. Unlike other organs that can be protected much more easily through diet and exercise, the brain is an enigma without a clear understanding of how to maintain its health. Yet, its health is the key to who we are, what we are able to do, and if we are able to exist. Yes, diet can help immensely and although we may not physically exercise our brain, we can still exercise it through proper use: reading, sleep, problem solving, calculations, and other forms of positive stimulation. But the brains health is often simply taken for granted – it’s there and we trust that it will continue to do its job.
The ability to visualize a dish, as an experienced chef can, is not unique to that profession. It is a process that musicians, writers, sculptors, painters, athletes, doctors, and engineers are also able to tap into and learn to control. This 3.3 pounds of mass has the capacity to multitask better than any computer made by man, yet we have failed to discipline our ability to use more than a small fraction of its ability. When you stop to think about what we are able to do with that fraction and what we might be able to accomplish if we learned how to tap into its capacity it is hard not to be astounded.
As a chef ages and matures, his or her experiences build a capacity to move from the speed of a line cook’s brain to the chef’s depth of understanding that comes in time. We move from the immediate ability to perform tasks to synchronicity where the brain is able to reference hundreds or even thousands of past experiences simultaneously as we solve problems, design and create, teach and train, and build a high level of competence and confidence.
We find it fairly easy to enjoy the physical nature of our bodies, a healthy heart, and sound digestive system, and as a chef – our palate that triggers the ability to create delicious food; but far too often we take for granted, the wonders of our brain and how it is the key to who we are and what we have the capacity to accomplish. Take a moment, now and again, to marvel at what our brains are capable of, how we have evolved and how important it is to nurture it as much as we innately rely on it. Feed your brain with interesting information and experiences, treat it kindly with ample amounts of rest and sleep, and exercise its capacity by challenging it to process, create, solve, and inspire. FOOD FOR THOUGHT.
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